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Hard X-rays are generated by focusing 110 fs laser pulses with intensities of about 1017 W·cm-2 onto solid metal targets. Characteristic properties of this X-ray source are the small source size, the short pulse duration and the high peak flux. The aim of the present work was to characterise this X-ray source and to demonstrate possible applications. A comparison with other X
In all calculations done in this thesis, the evaluation of higher order quantum corrections has been central. In the first paper included in this thesis we have investigated the effects of finite volume meson propagators for quark-antiquark vacuum expectation value at two-loop level. In the second paper we have improved the earlier calculations for the eta decay to three pions by implementing two-
Vem ska ta hand om oss när vi blir gamla? Hur ska vi ha råd att ge vård och omsorg till den växande gruppen äldre människor i vårt samhälle? Vi läser nästan dagligen om ekonomiska nedskärningar inom äldremsorgen och om vilka effekter detta får för de äldre. Vi undrar vem som ska ha tid att ta hand om de gamla i framtiden och om det kommer att finnas tillräckligt med resurser i äldreomsorgen när vi
Subsidiarity was one important issue in the snuff discussion within the Community during the first years of the 90s. The purpose was to allow Swedes to continue their age-old habit of putting moist tobacco under the upper lip.6 The snuff debate touched upon Community concepts which will again be of relevance in the lGC 1996. The legality, subsidiarity and proportionality principles were all referr
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur bladhorningsskalbaggar (ollonborrar, tordyvlar och deras släktingar) uppfattar dofter Bladhorningsskalbaggar, eller överfamiljen Scarabaeoidea, är en ganska stor skalbaggsgrupp med ca 30.000 arter beskrivna över hela världen. I Sverige finns ungefär 100 arter, varav de mera kända utgörs av några arter ollonborrar, tordyvlar, guldbaggar, trädgårdsborren, noshornsbagAntennal detection and central nervous integration of behaviourally relevant odours in scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) was investigated, using the two Japanese scarabs Anomala cuprea and Phyllopertha diversa (Rutelinae), and the Central African fruit chafer Pachnoda marginata (Cetoniinae) as model species. Electrophysiological single cell recordings in A. cuprea and P. diversa character
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kärleksdofter och varningsljud i bekämpning av nattfjärilar Jag har studerat hur populationer av skadegörande nattfjärilar kan bekämpas med miljövänliga metoder där djurens egna sinnessystem manipuleras. Liksom många andra insekter kommunicerar nattfjärilar med artspecifika doftsignaler (feromoner) vid parning. Honan avger doften i enstaka nanogram (miljarddels gram!) The impact of olfactory and auditory cues on the mating behaviour in two species of moths, Agrotis segetum (Noctuidae) and Plodia interpunctella (Pyralidae), was investigated to evaluate their potential use in integrated pest management. The flight behaviour of male A. segetum under natural and pheromone-based mating disruption conditions was monitored by harmonic radar. Individual males were equi
In the debate surrounding genetically modified (GM) food, intense controversies pertain over whether, or how, GM food products ought to be labelled. This paper examines how the GM-supportive and GM-sceptical alliances use arguments regarding labelling so as to strengthen their respective positions. It is an examination of conflicting arguments across social coalitions, corporations and policy-make
Popular Abstract in Swedish Giftiga alger - kan man äta sånt?! En sammanfattning på svenska Varje sommar varna's vi för giftiga algblomningar i media. Rapporterna brukar ofta handla om havet men många insjöar, speciellt i Skåne, drabba's också av massförekomst av alger. Det är framför allt cyanobakterier, eller blå-gröna alger som de kallade's innan, som blir så många att de helt dominerar algsaMass development of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) is common in many lakes and coastal waters worldwide as a result of an increased nutrient loading. These blooms of cyanobacteria are undesirable for several reasons; thick mats of algae and unpleasant odour reduces the recreational values, bad taste reduces the quality of drinking water and the potent toxins produced by some species of cyanobact
Popular Abstract in Swedish QCD vid höga energier är fortfarande inte väl förstådd. Svårigheter uppkommer ifrån en starkt icke-linjär dynamik, samt från icke-störningsmässiga fenomen. Analytiska beräkningar är oftast möjliga enbart för enkla leksaksmodeller, eller för asymptotiska energier. I denna avhandling undersöker vi dynamiken i högenergiprocesser, med målet att finna en fungerande och realQCD at very high energies is still not very well understood. Difficulties arise from a strong non-linear dynamics and also from nonperturbative physics. Detailed analytic calculations are often only possible either for simple toy models, or for asymptotically high energies. In this thesis we investigate the high energy dynamics, with the goal of finding a realistic, working model for high energy Q
Bluetooth is currently emerging as one of the most promising personal wireless network technologies. It is primarily designed as a cable replacement between for example a cell phone and a PDA. However the price/performance level also makes it a promising technology outside the office. The automation industry is currently showing interest in using Bluetooth for more industrial applications. However
