Proteomics has not delivered biomarkers of clinical value, despite massive efforts. The technologies that are emerging today have, however, the power to reach deep into proteomes and to identify patterns associated with different diseases. The study design is then crucial and sample quality, bioinformatic approaches, pre-validation, using independent patient cohort, need to attract increased atten

Human cancers are often associated with numerical and structural chromosomal instability. Structural chromosomal aberrations (CAs) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) arise as consequences of direct DNA damage or due to replication on a damaged DNA template. In both cases, DNA repair is critical and inter-individual differences in its capacity are probably due to corresponding genetic variations

We present results from measurements of the native oxide film thickness on four different industrial aluminum alloys and three different aluminum single crystals. The thicknesses were determined using X-ray reflectivity, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In addition, atomic force microscopy was used for micro-structural studies of the oxide surfaces. The

Ahlgren AR, Cinthio M, Steen S, Nilsson T, Sjoberg T, Persson HW, Lindstrom K. Longitudinal displacement and intramural shear strain of the porcine carotid artery undergo profound changes in response to catecholamines. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 302: H1102-H1115, 2012. First published December 23, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00470.2011.-The effects of catecholamines on longitudinal displacemen

Candida antarctica lipase B, immobilized as cross linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) was used to mediate the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone to epsilon-caprolactone, and the reaction was compared with the one using Novozym (R) 435 as catalyst. The conversion was dependent on the initial concentration of cyclohexanone, and was about 90% after 48 h at concentrations of up to 0.25 M but was

The first generation of forest free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments has successfully provided deeper understanding about how forests respond to an increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Located in aggrading stands in the temperate zone, they have provided a strong foundation for testing critical assumptions in terrestrial biosphere models that are being used to project future intera

Laser diagnostic techniques have for more than 30 years added very valuable input for a deepened understanding of combustion processes. The present paper will focus on techniques developed for visualization of important parameters with the ability to get detailed information in space and time. The paper is not meant to be a complete review of the entire research field but rather a survey with a ma

The considerable uncertainty regarding cancer risks associated with inherited mutations of BRCA2 is due to unknown factors. To investigate whether common genetic variants modify penetrance for BRCA2 mutation carriers, we undertook a two-staged genome-wide association study in BRCA2 mutation carriers. In stage 1 using the Affymetrix 6.0 platform, 592,163 filtered SNPs genotyped were available on 89

For the first time in Europe, both European-wide and country-specific levels of urinary Bisphenol A (BPA) were obtained through a harmonized protocol for participant recruitment, sampling and quality controlled biomarker analysis in the frame of the twin projects COPHES and DEMOCOPHES. 674 child-mother pairs were recruited through schools or population registers from six European member states (Be

A lasing scheme for terahertz quantum cascade lasers, based on consecutive phonon-photon-phonon emissions per module, is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The charge transport of the proposed structure is modeled using a rate equation formalism. An optimization code based on a genetic algorithm was developed to find a four-well design in the GaAs/Al0.25Ga0.75As material system that maximiz

We present systematic and large-scale calculations for the fine-structure energy splitting and transition rate between the 3d(9) D-2(3/2,5/2) levels of Co-like ions with 28

Regional or global modeling studies of dynamic vegetation often represent vegetation by large functional units (plant functional types (PFTs)). For simulation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) in these models, emission capacities, which give the emission under standardized conditions, are provided as an average value for a PFT. These emission capacities thus hide the known heterogeneit

Objective: The goal of growth hormone (GH) replacement is to improve quality of life (QoL) and prevent the long-term complications of GH deficiency (GHD). Thirty-nine patients with adult-onset GH deficiency (AOGHD) who had originally participated in a randomized placebo-controlled crossover study involving treatment with either GH or placebo for nine months were enrolled in an open, 33-month follo

1. Many organisms inhabit strongly fluctuating environments but their demography and population dynamics are often analysed using deterministic models and elasticity analysis, where elasticity is defined as the proportional change in population growth rate caused by a proportional change in a vital rate. Deterministic analyses may not necessarily be informative because large variation in a vital r

This paper draws on Jean–Luc Marion's notion of non–objective phenomena to discuss the difficulty of studying leadership. Marion conceptualises non–objective phenomena as phenomena that cannot be captured by scientific methods. Attempts to do so result in a poor understanding of the phenomenon as it gives itself. Put differently: non–objective phenomena remain invisible to the gaze of the research

OBJECTIVES: To compare rapid sequence intubation (RSI) premedication with morphine for intubation of preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: Preterm infants needing semi-urgent intubation were enrolled to either RSI (glycopyrrolate, thiopental, suxamethonium, and remifentanil, n = 17) or atropine and morphine (n = 17) in a randomized trial. The main outcome was "good intubation conditions" (score ≤10 asse

Currently, Cu-containing chalcopyrite-based solar cells provide the highest conversion efficiencies among all thin-film photovoltaic (PV) technologies. They have reached efficiency values above 20%, the same performance level as multi-crystalline silicon-wafer technology that dominates the commercial PV market. Chalcopyrite thin-film heterostructures consist of a layer stack with a variety of inte

Modern chips may contain a large number of embedded test, debugging, configuration, and monitoring features, called instruments. An instrument and its instrument access procedures may be pre-developed and reused, and each instrument—in different chips and through the life-time of a chip—may be accessed in different ways, which requires retargeting. To address reuse and retargeting of instrument ac