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A dinuclear zinc(II) complex of a new unsymmetric ligand with an N5O2 donor set; A structural and functional model for the active site of zinc phosphoesterases.

The dinuclear complex [Zn2(DPCPMP)(pivalate)](ClO4), where DPCPMP is the new unsymmetrical ligand [2-(N-(3-((bis((pyridin-2-yl)methyl)amino)methyl)-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)-N-((pyridin-2-yl)methyl)amino)acetic acid], has been synthesized and characterized. The complex is a functional model for zinc phosphoesterases with dinuclear active sites. The hydrolytic efficacy of the complex has been inves

Empathy among students in engineering programs

Engineers face challenges when they are to manage project groups and be leaders for organisations because such positions demand skills in social competence and empathy. Previous studies have shown that engineers have low degrees of social competence skills. In this study, the level of empathy as measured by the four subscales of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, perspective taking, fantasy, empa

Impact of solid retention time and nitrification capacity on the ability of activated sludge to remove pharmaceuticals

Removal of five acidic pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, diclofenac and clofibric acid) by activated sludge from five municipal activated sludge treatment processes, with various sludge ages and nitrification capacities, was assessed through batch experiments. The increase in aerobic sludge age from 1-3 to 7 d seemed to be critical for the removal of naproxen and ketoprofen, with m

Developing an understanding of social norms and games : Emotional engagement, nonverbal agreement, and conversation

The first part of the article examines some recent studies on the early development of social norms that examine young children’s understanding of codified rule games. It is argued that the constitutive rules than define the games cannot be identified with social norms and therefore the studies provide limited evidence about socio-normative development. The second part reviews data on children’s p

Robot-assisted gastrectomy and oesophagectomy for cancer.

Robot-assisted surgery is a technically feasible alternative to open and laparoscopic surgery, which is being more frequently used in general surgery. We undertook this review to investigate whether robotic assistance provides a significant benefit for oesophagogastric cancer surgery.

Twelve tips for constructing problem-based learning cases

Background: One of the key elements for introducing a problem-based learning (PBL) programme is constructing good PBL cases. Good cases should reflect the educational principles of PBL including (a) integration of basic and clinical sciences together with professionalism and psychosocial components, (b) encouragement of discussion of cognitive domains such as identification of problems, generation

On the speed of convergence of Newton's method for complex polynomials

We investigate Newton's method for complex polynomials of arbitrary degree d, normalized so that all their roots are in the unit disk. For each degree d, we give an explicit set S-d of 3.33d log(2) d(1 + o(1)) points with the following universal property: for every normalized polynomial of degree d there are d starting points in S-d whose Newton iterations find all the roots with a low number of i

The Cer-cqu gene cluster determines three key players in a β-diketone synthase polyketide pathway synthesizing aliphatics in epicuticular waxes.

Aliphatic compounds on plant surfaces, called epicuticular waxes, are the first line of defense against pathogens and pests, contribute to reducing water loss and determine other important phenotypes. Aliphatics can form crystals affecting light refraction, resulting in a color change and allowing identification of mutants in their synthesis or transport. The present study discloses three such Ece

Toward a Molecular Pathologic Classification of Urothelial Carcinoma.

We recently defined molecular subtypes of urothelial carcinomas according to whole genome gene expression. Herein we describe molecular pathologic characterization of the subtypes using 20 genes and IHC of 237 tumors. In addition to differences in expression levels, the subtypes show important differences in stratification of protein expression. The selected genes included biological features cent

A Capacity Constrained Production-Inventory System with Stochastic Demand and Production Times

This paper considers a simple model of a capacity constrained production-inventory system with Poisson demand. The system is controlled by an S policy. The production time for a unit is modelled as a gamma distributed stochastic variable. Using M/G/1 queuing theory it is very easy to evaluate holding and backorder costs and optimise the ordering policy. The suggested model may be useful when evalu

Peak oxygen uptake in relation to total heart volume discriminates heart failure patients from healthy volunteers and athletes

Background: An early sign of heart failure (HF) is a decreased cardiac reserve or inability to adequately increase cardiac output during exercise. Under normal circumstances maximal cardiac output is closely related to peak oxygen uptake (VO(2)peak) which has previously been shown to be closely related to total heart volume (THV). Thus, the aim of this study was to derive a VO(2)peak/THV ratio and

Testing for effects of climate change on competitive relationships and coexistence between two bird species.

Climate change is expected to have profound ecological effects, yet shifts in competitive abilities among species are rarely studied in this context. Blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) and great tits (Parus major) compete for food and roosting sites, yet coexist across much of their range. Climate change might thus change the competitive relationships and coexistence between these two species. Analys

Optimizing Substrate-Mediated Plasmon Coupling toward High-Performance Plasmonic Nanowire Waveguides

Seeking better plasmonic waveguides is of critical importance for minimizing photonic circuits into the nanometer scale. We have made a theoretical study of the properties of surface plasmon polaritons in a metallic nanowire over substrate (NWOS) configuration. The dielectric substrate breaks the symmetry of the system and mediates the coupling of different primary wire plasmons. The lowest order

Pathophysiology of L-dopa-induced motor and non-motor complications in Parkinson's disease.

Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa (L-dopa) therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) are ultimately experienced by the vast majority of patients. In addition, psychiatric conditions often manifested as compulsive behaviours, are emerging as a serious problem in the management of L-dopa therapy. The present review att

Aggregation of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Nanoplatelets.

We study the aggregation of calcium silicate hydrate nanoplatelets on a surface by means of Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations at thermodynamic equilibrium. Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) is the main component formed in cement and is responsible for the strength of the material. The hydrate is formed in early cement paste and grows to form platelets on the nanoscale, which aggregate

Improved tool wear properties in sheet metal forming using Carbide steel, a novel abrasion resistant cast material

Abstract in UndeterminedThis work presents a comparative study regarding wear behavior between a novel abrasion resistant cast iron, "Carbide Steel" and a number of conventional tool materials frequently used in the automotive industry. Carbide Steel is basically a high-Cr white cast iron heavily alloyed with cemented carbide. The high chromium content and additional alloying elements like WC. TiC