NILE ("New Improvements for Lignocellulosic Ethanol") was an integrated European project (2005-2010) devoted to the conversion of lignocellulosic raw materials to ethanol. The main objectives were to design novel enzymes suitable for the hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose and new yeast strains able to efficiently converting all the sugars present in lignocellulose into ethanol. The project also in

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly disabling disease affecting all structures of the joint. Understanding the pathology behind the development of RA is essential for developing targeted therapeutic strategies as well as for developing novel markers to predict disease onset. Several molecules normally hidden within the cartilage tissue are exposed to complement components in the synovial fluid u

Background: Overweight is reported as a side effect of SDR. The aims were to study the development of weight, height and body mass index (BMI) during five years after SDR. Methods: This prospective, longitudinal and practice-based study included all 56 children with CP spastic diplegia undergoing SDR from the start in March 1993 to April 2003 in our hospital. The preoperative Gross Motor Function

Resolving challenges related to the sustainability of natural capital and ecosystem services is an urgent issue. No roadmap on reaching sustainability exists; and the kind of sustainable land use required in a world that acknowledges both multiple environmental boundaries and local human well-being presents a quandary. In this commentary, we argue that a new globally consistent and expandable syst

BACKGROUND: Certain immune-mediated diseases (IMDs), such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, have been linked to cardiovascular disorders. We examined whether there is an association between 32 different IMDs and risk of subsequent hospitalization for coronary heart disease (CHD) related to coronary atherosclerosis in a nationwide follow up study in Sweden. METHODS AND FIND

A proactive strategy to respond effectively to health impacts related to climate variability, particularly within vulnerable populations, is of vital importance. Such a strategy can be attained if health officials have a deep understanding of how climate variability affects human health and if the resources available for the health care sector are sufficient. This study assessed the perceptions an

Background: Transanal endorectal one-stage pull-through (TERPT) procedure in children with Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) has gained worldwide acceptance. However surgical success is often reported separately, while the necessity for true reoperation is difficult to establish. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of reoperations following TERPT procedure. The findings will be important in counseling and pl

Permafrost in peatlands of subarctic Sweden is presently thawing at accelerated rates, which raises questions about the destiny of stored carbon and nutrients and impacts on adjacent freshwater ecosystems. In this study we use peat and lake sediment records from the Stordalen palsa mire in northern Sweden to address the late Holocene (5,000 cal BP-present) development of the mire as well as relate

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) has been recognized as a feasible option for ethanol production from xylose-rich lignocellulosic materials. To reach high ethanol concentration in the broth, a high content of water-insoluble solids (WIS) is needed, which creates mixing problems and, furthermore, may decrease xylose uptake. Feeding of substrate has alre

In this study, the spatial representativeness of eddy covariance (EC) methane (CH4) measurements was examined by comparing parallel CH4 fluxes from three short (6 m) towers separated by a few kilometres and from two higher levels (20 m and 60 m) at one location. The measurement campaign was held on an intensively managed grassland on peat soil in the Netherlands. The land use and land cover types

Vårt syfte med denna rapport är att diskutera drivmedel från ett brett perspektiv ur hållbarhetssynpunkt. Biodrivmedel och el analyseras och jämförs med fossila drivmedel. Vår målsättning är att försöka peka ut under vilka förutsättningar som drivmedel kan anses försvarbara ur hållbarhetssynpunkt och vilka system som vi bör utveckla respektive vilka system som vi bör undvika. En övergripande sluts

The article examines the influence of linguistic distance on the labor market outcomes of a sample of 5,041 first generation immigrants in Sweden between 1970 and 1990. The article exploits register data from the Swedish Longitudinal Database, examining a population of individuals from 11 non-Nordic countries of origin. The analysis focuses on the transition to the Swedish labor market, comparing

Author: Therese Ekheim and Staffan Jansson Title: The needle syringe debate in Swedish newspaper – in search of a user perspective. [Translated title] Supervisor: Frans Oddner Assessor: Mats Hilte The aim of this study was to examine how syringe drug users are produced in Swedish newspaper in the needle exchange debate. More specifically its aim was to identify how the user perspective is given a

The purpose of this study was to explore how nursing home managers relate to sexual needs of the elderly in the nursing homes. The empirical data consists of a vignette study followed by interviews with three nursing home managers. The aim was to involve six managers in our study but due to a major loss of respondents, we chose to complete our data collection with a review of the values which the

Arsenic is an element and has a natural part in the earth with a content of 1,5-2,0 mg/kg in the earth crust. Arsenic occurs naturally in the bedrock and the Swedish bedrock contains anything from 1,0-40 mg/kg. Arsenic is more poisonous in its inorganic form than in its organic. The two most common types of inorganic arsenic are arsenite and arsenate. Arsenite (AsIII) is the most acute poisonous

The concept of sustainability for music festivals is increasingly important. Music festivals are associated with both environmental and social aspects through its impact on people attending the festival as well as its surroundings and nature. Until recently there has not been much guidance offered to help manage the environmental and social aspects of festivals. The guidance offered today has it’s

The purpose of this study is to identify how gender and national belonging are intertwined, and how they effect concepts such as citizenship and integration. The study aims to identify a cultural understanding of gender in Danish political documents regarding equality and integration. In pursuit of this aim I have used a discourse analysis to identify whether the documents create different possibi