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Meeting stricter legal emission limits and the simultaneous introduction of new synthetic fuels are key challenges for current and future research in the field of engine combustion. A deep knowledge of spray behavior is mandatory to address these problems, as air‐fuel mixture and spray propagation in gasoline direct injection (GDI) are essential processes to achieve a highly efficient and clean co

Biopharmaceuticals are of ever-growing importance for human health. The development and production of biopharmaceuticals has the potential for efficiency improvements by switching from batch-wise to continuous production. This change demands more advanced process control in the form of automation and digital tools such as digital twins, which in turn need adequate mathematical models and accessibl

Objective: The aim was to study associations between chronic widespread pain, widespread pain sensitivity, leptin, and metabolic factors in individuals with knee pain. A secondary aim was to study these associations in a subgroup of individuals with normal BMI. Method: This cross-sectional study included 265 individuals. The participants were categorised into three different pain groups: Chronic w

Protein N-terminal (Nt) acetylation is one of the most abundant modifications in eukaryotes, covering ~50-80 % of the proteome, depending on species. Cells with defective Nt-acetylation display a wide array of phenotypes such as impaired growth, mating defects and increased stress sensitivity. However, the pleiotropic nature of these effects has hampered our understanding of the functional impact

Background: Displaced olecranon fractures with a stable elbow joint are classified as Mayo type 2a or 2b and are commonly operated with tension band wiring, i.e. two K-wires and a cerclage. Retrospective studies have reported fewer reoperations and complications with cerclage fixation alone when compared to tension band wiring, though with similar long-term results. We decided to compare tension b

Aquaporins are water channels found in the cell membrane, where they allow the passage of water molecules in and out of the cells. In the kidney collecting duct, arginine vasopressin-dependent trafficking of aquaporin-2 (AQP2) fine-tunes reabsorption of water from pre-urine, allowing precise regulation of the final urine volume. Point mutations in the gene for AQP2 may disturb this process and lea

This article seeks to contribute new insights into inclusive recycling environments through universal design. The aim is to develop knowledge on how waste is understood and managed by exploring the practice and design of a recycling environment. Applying a norm-critical view, this is explored in a study with participants from a municipal housing company and waste management company in northern Swe

Background: Low health literacy is associated with worse pain and poorer self-management. This study (1) examined the level of health literacy and associations with lifestyle habits, health status, chronic pain, and radiographic knee osteoarthritis; and (2) explored experiences illuminating health literacy among individuals with knee pain. Methods: A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was us

Background: Individuals undergoing radiation therapy for breast cancer frequently request information before, throughout and after the treatment as a means to reduce distress. Nevertheless, the provision of information to meet individuals needs from their level of health literacy is often overlooked. Thus, individuals information needs are often unmet, leading to reports of discontent. Internet an

Biofuel is a crucial renewable and environmentally friendly energy source for addressing greenhouse gas emissions and other energy-related issues. Biodiesel and butanol, among alternative biofuels, possess complementary physical and chemical properties, offering multiple possibilities for their use in existing internal combustion engines. However, biodiesel's distinctly different physical and comb

Background: The non-conventional yeast Rhodotorula toruloides is an emerging host organism in biotechnology by merit of its natural capacity to accumulate high levels of carotenoids and intracellular storage lipids from a variety of carbon sources. While the number of genetic engineering strategies that employ R. toruloides is increasing, the lack of genetic tools available for modification of thi

Background: Antiretroviral treatment improves health related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). However, one third initiating first-line treatment experience virological failure and the determinants of HRQoL in this key population are unknown. Our study aims to identify determinants of among PWH failing antiretroviral treatment in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods

Both carbon dioxide uptake and albedo of the land surface affect global climate. However, climate change mitigation by increasing carbon uptake can cause a warming trade-off by decreasing albedo, with most research focusing on afforestation and its interaction with snow. Here, we present carbon uptake and albedo observations from 176 globally distributed flux stations. We demonstrate a gradual dec

Navigating the observational, symbolic, and theoretical knowledge domains of chemistry is crucial for chemistry sensemaking. However, this has been shown to be particularly challenging for students of chemistry. In order to reach government standards for sensemaking in the chemistry subject, it is important to investigate how chemistry teachers can sustain sensemaking practices in their classrooms

Activities for deep tissue imaging and photoactivation will be presented. Wihin Biophotonics@Tyndall projects based on upconverting nanoparticles and ultrasound optical tomography will be pursued. Data from collaborative research will be given.

This article examines the emerging decline in international research collaboration, especially between China and the United States, and asks whether we are entering a new era of globally fragmented science. While US–China coauthorship is decreasing, European trends are more uneven. Drawing on bibliometric data and institutional analysis, the authors argue that growing political constraints and ins

Quark spin effects in hadronization were recently included in the PYTHIA 8 Monte Carlo event generator for the simulation of the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) process off a polarized proton or neutron target. The spin effects were activated via the external StringSpinner package, which is based on the string+P03 model of polarized hadronization, and were restricted to the production of pseudosca