Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is related to an attenuated and dysfunctional dopamine system. Normally, a high extracellular dopamine level yields a tonic dopaminergic input that down-regulates stimuli-evoked phasic dopamine responses through autoreceptors. Abnormally low tonic extracellular dopamine in ADHD up-regulates the autoreceptors so that stimuli-evoked phasic dopamine is

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av fem fristående uppsatser som utnyttjar tidsserieanalys för studerande av några olika makroekonomiska frågor. I kapitel två, tre och fyra används s.k. vektorautoregressiva (VAR) modeller för att studera privat konsumtionsbeteende i Sverige. Enligt den permanenta inkomst hypotesen väljer individerna sin konsumtion med hänsyn till sin långsiktiga ellAdvances in time series analysis during the last two decades have stimulated research in a number of areas in macroeconomics. This thesis is a compilation of five essays using cointegrated vector autoregressive (VAR) models, unit root tests and regime switching models to investigate the behavior of private consumption, public debt and the real exchange rate. Chapter two explores the empirical evi

Little is known concerning possible hazards of maternal use of the recently introduced antidepressant drugs with noradrenergic and varying serotonergic activity (serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor [SNRI]/noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor [NRI] drugs). Using the Swedish Medical Birth Registry, we identified 732 women who had used SNRI/NRI drugs in early pregnancy. Maternal characteristics we

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den dansk-svenske forfatter Gustaf Munch-Petersen (1912-1938) betragtes som en af portalskikkelserne i den danske lyriske modernisme. Han døde 26 år gammel som frivillig i den spanske borgerkrig, en konflikt, vi i dag ofte betragter som en del af optakten til anden verdenskrig. Dette tidlige endeligt gjorde ham til en af skandinavisk litteraturs ”unge døde”. Men det er The Danish-Swedish writer Gustaf Munch-Petersen (1912-1938) is considered one of the pioneers of Danish modernist poetry. His death at the age of 26 as a volunteer in the Spanish Civil War, a conflict that was later widely understood as a prelude to the Second World War, made him one of “the young dead” of Scandinavian literature. But this is only one among several pictures of him. Self and identi

This article argues for an intersectional multisolidarity with an anti-racist, queer and feminist agenda.

Popular Abstract in Swedish "Behavioral Economics" är ett område inom nationalekonomin där forskningsresultat från främst psykologin inhämtas vid analys av ekonomiska fenomen, även om andra samhällsvetenskaper såsom socialpsykologi och sociologi också givit bidrag. Följande avhandling och dess fyra uppsatser undersöker delar av "Behavioral Economics" med särskild betoning på realism, ontologi och This thesis explores Behavioral Economics in terms of realism, ontology and experiments. In the introductory chapter descriptions of "Behavioral Economics", "realism" and "ontology" are offered. In the following three chapters meta-theoretical analyses are performed, while the fifth and last chapter is a report of an experiment but with a meta-theoretical undertone. In Chapter 2 two recent survey

Background: A majority of patients with pancreatic cancer have obstructive jaundice and diabetes with skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Surgery for these patients is associated with significant morbidity. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) has been proposed to regulate energy expenditure and promote liver vulnerability. The effects of obstructive jaundice on muscle glucose metabolism and expression of

Novel non-thiazolidinedione, tyrosine-derived peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists, GI 262570, GW 7845, GW 1929, developed by Glaxo-Smith-Kline (GSK) along with pioglitazone and nisoldipine, were studied on currents through L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC) in freshly isolated smooth muscle cells from mesenteric arteries, and on the diameter of pressurized mesen

Popular Abstract in Swedish Typ 2 diabetes är en sjukdom som ökar lavinartat i västvärlden. Dess främsta kännetecken är insulinresistens och defekter i insulinsekretion. Insulinresistens är kopplat till fetma, och framträder ofta långt innan man utvecklar typ 2 diabetes. När man blir insulinresistent kompenseras detta av att betacellerna i de langerhanska öarna i bukspottskörteln producerar mer inType 2 diabetes is a disease that increases tremendously in the western world. It is characterized by insulin resistance and defects in insulin secretion. Insulin resistance is tightly linked to obesity, and usually precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes. When insulin resistance develops, the pancreatic beta-cells compensate by in¬creasing their secretion of insulin, causing hyperinsulinemia. This

Thermotoga maritima ribosome recycling factor (RRF) is one of the proteins catalyzing the fourth step in prokaryotic protein synthesis, ribosome recycling. The RRF protein was crystallized with ammonium sulfate. Native diffraction data to 2.55 Å resolution were obtained at the MAX II synchrotron from a flash-frozen crystal at 100 K. The crystals belong to space group P41212 or P43212, with unit-ce

In this document, a large number of mathematical models describing various physical, biological and chemical processes in a wastewater treatment plant are presented. In most cases, the models are fairly simple as they are inteded for steady-state simulations based on yearly averages of the influent wastewater charteristics. The combination of models forms a software tool namned URWARE (URban WAter

The efficiency of numerical time-stepping methods for dynamical systems is greatly enhanced by automatic time step variation. In this paper we present and discuss three different approaches to step size selection: (i) control theory (to keep the error in check); (ii) signal processing (to produce smooth step size sequences and improve computational stability); and (iii) adaptivity, in the sense th

The method of normal form originating from the work of A.D. Brjuno has been used in the analysis of two-degrees-of-freedom discrete systems with eccentric follower force. Various types of external and internal damping has been taken into consideration. The program NORFOR2 is compared with program BIFOR2, which is based on Hopf Bifurcation, as to the capacity and speed in solving non-linear, non-co

Elimination of all animal material during both the derivation and long-term culture of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is necessary prior to future application of hESCs in clinical cell therapy. The potential consequences of transplanting xeno-contaminated hESCs into patients, such as an increased risk of graft rejection [STEM CELLS 2006;24:221229] and the potential transfer of nonhuman pathoge

In the neutral title complex, [Cu(C3H2O4)(C5H8N2)(2-)(H2O)]. 2H(2)O or [Cu(mal)(dmp)(2)(H2O)]. 2H(2)O (mal is malonate and dmp is 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole), the Cu-II ion, in a slightly distorted square-pyramidal geometry, is coordinated by two O atoms of the bidentate malonate, the O atom of the water ligand and two N atoms from the two 3,5-dimethylpyrazole ligands. The mean Cu-N bond length is 2

The product-service system (PSS) concept has been proposed as a way of dealing with unsustainable patterns of consumption in the business-to-consumer (B2C) domain. Existing alternatives to traditional consumption based on ownership, such as car sharing, communal washing centres and tool sharing schemes, indicate that more sustainable patterns of consumption may be found for other household functio

We report here the identification of a gene associated with the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor (HPT-JT) syndrome. A single locus associated with HPT-JT (HRPT2) was previously mapped to chromosomal region 1q25-q32. We refined this region to a critical interval of 12 cM by genotyping in 26 affected kindreds. Using a positional candidate approach, we identified thirteen different heterozygous, germlin

On the basis of a neurolinguistic assessment procedure (Holmberg and Sahlen, 1986) ten children with severe and specific developmental language disorders (DLD) were studied over a four-year period. Initially they all showed global language problems which, in the course of development, became more specific. Although there were considerable differences in the neurolinguistic profiles, some general p