We analyze the kinematics of ∼2000 giant stars in the direction of the Galactic bulge, extracted from the Gaia-ESO survey in the region -10° ≲ l≲ 10° and -11° ≲ b ≲ -3°. We find distinct kinematic trends in the metal-rich ([M H] > 0) and metal-poor ([M H]

Context. Elements heavier than iron are produced through neutron-capture processes in the different phases of stellar evolution. Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are believed to be mainly responsible for elements that form through the slow neutron-capture process, while the elements created in the rapid neutron-capture process have production sites that are less understood. Knowledge of abundan

We have developed a simple optimization procedure for assigning binary values to amino acids. The binary values are determined by a maximization of the degree of pattern conservation in groups of closely related protein sequences. The maximization is carried out at fixed composition. For compositions approximately corresponding to an equipartition of the residues, the optimal encoding is found to

It has long been known that the three largest subunits in the membrane domain (NuoL, NuoM and NuoN) of complex I are homologous to each other, as well as to two subunits (MrpA and MrpD) from a Na+ /H+ antiporter, Mrp. MrpA and NuoL are more similar to each other and the same is true for MrpD and NuoN. This suggests a functional differentiation which was proven experimentally in a deletion strain m

The Impact Echo method can be used to measure the thickness of concrete plate like structures. Measurements are based on the identification of a clear thickness resonance frequency which can be difficult in very thick or highly attenuative plates. In this study the detectability of the measured resonant frequency is enhanced by time domain summation of signals with different source receiver spacin

A research project was conducted by the two PhD students Markus Arnez Wegelius and Philip Hedestad from the Standardisation Research Centre, within the Institute of Economic Research at Lund University, Sweden, and with the supervision of Mr. Daniele Gerundino, Strategic Adviser to the Secretary-General (ISO). The project was sponsored by ISO (The International Organization for Standardization), N

A new design method for broadband microphone arrays is presented. Using sequences of calibration signals, the method is able to design finite-impulse response (FIR) filters with specific performance. The method can control and adjust the speech distortion, noise suppression, and echo cancellation directly. It turns out that a significantly shorter filter length can be applied to achieve better ove

The letter provides an analysis of optimal finite-impulse response subband beamforming for speech enhancement in multipath environments. A modification of the direct-path standard Wiener formulation is shown to give nearly optimal performance when it comes to signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio, by including coherent multipath propagation in the criterion.

Subband adaptive filters have been proposed to avoid the drawbacks of slow convergence and high computational complexity associated with time domain adaptive filters for acoustic echo cancellation. Subband processing introduces transmission delays caused by the filter bank and signal degradations due to aliasing effects. One efficient way to reduce the aliasing effects is to allow a higher sample

This paper presents a new robust microphone array to enhance speech signal under the influence of noise and jammer(s). The proposed structure comprises of a soft constrained subband beamformer, a blocking system and a non-coherent processing technique. The soft constrained beamformer enhances the desired speech signal in a specified region by suppressing all side-lobes. This enhanced signal is the

Photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence (PFLIF) is for the first time performed based on picosecond laser pulses for detection of hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2) in a stoichiometric laminar methane/air flame. Photofragmentation is performed with a pump laser pulse of 80 ps duration and a wavelength of 266 nm, whereupon the produced OH photofragments are detected by a second picosecond probe lase

In order to increase the capacity of a mobile radio network, it is desirable to exploit the spatial domain in an efficient way. A common technique is to use a sector antennas. Sectors can be formed by using antenna arrays which add spatial domain selectivity in order to improve the Signal-to-Noise and Interference Ratio (SNIR). In this paper an interference cancellation scheme is presented that co