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Global usage of pharmaceuticals has led to the proliferation of bacteria that are resistant to antimicrobial treatments, creating a substantial public health challenge. Here, we investigate the emergence of sulfonamide resistance genes in groundwater and surface water in Patna, a rapidly developing city in Bihar, India. We report the first quantification of three sulfonamide resistance genes (sulI
Background: In a recently discovered microorganism, Halomonas boliviensis, polyhydroxybutyrate production was extensive and in contrast to other PHB producers, contained a set of alleles for the enzymes of this pathway. Also the monomer, (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), possesses features that are interesting for commercial production, in particular the synthesis of fine chemicals with chiral specific
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), as bio-based plastics, promise a transition from petroleum products to green and sustainable alternatives. However, their commercial production is yet impeded by high production costs. In this study, we assessed synthetic culture in mono and co-culture modes for bacterial PHA production. It was demonstrated that volatile fatty acids (VFAs) derived from food waste and
Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) allows the analysis of pathogens, chemicals or other biomarkers in wastewater to derive unbiased epidemiological information at population scale. After re-gaining attention during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the field holds promise as a surveillance and early warning system by tracking emerging pathogens with pandemic potential. Expanding the current toolbox of ana
Human adenovirus (HAdV) type F41 has been identified as a possible cause of the non-A-to-E hepatitis outbreak. This study uses wastewater monitoring to track HAdV F40 and F41, supporting clinical investigations and providing insights into the pathogen's role in the outbreak. Given the limited clinical monitoring in Sweden of HAdV-F40/41, this approach also helps estimate the true infection burden
Background: Halomonas boliviensis is a halophilic microorganism that accumulates poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) using different carbons sources when nitrogen is depleted from the culture medium. This work presents an improved production of PHB using an air-lift reactor (ALR) that was fed with a concentrated solution of a carbon source, and was supplemented with an adequate airflow rate. Results: Si
Shifting the concept of municipal wastewater treatment to recover resources is one of the key factors contributing to a sustainable society. A novel concept based on research is proposed to recover four main bio-based products from municipal wastewater while reaching the necessary regulatory standards. The main resource recovery units of the proposed system include upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
Background: Lignocellulosic waste is a desirable biomass for use in second generation biorefineries. Up to 40% of its sugar content consist of pentoses, which organisms either take up sequentially after glucose depletion, or not at all. A previously described Escherichia coli strain, PPA652ara, capable of simultaneous consumption of glucose, xylose and arabinose was in the present work utilized fo
This study investigated the efficiency of the treatment processes of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to remove severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) from the wastewater and sewage sludge, as well as the influence of the mode of operation on the quality of the treated wastewater. SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV were detected and quantified at dif
Increased awareness of environmental sustainability with associated strict environmental regulations has incentivized the pursuit of novel materials to replace conventional petroleum-derived plastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are appealing intracellular biopolymers and have drawn significant attention as a viable alternative to petrochemical based plastics not only due to their comparable phys
Biotechnologically produced (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate is an interesting pre-cursor for antibiotics, vitamins, and other molecules benefitting from enantioselective production. An often-employed pathway for (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate production in recombinant E. coli consists of three-steps: (1) condensation of two acetyl-CoA molecules to acetoacetyl-CoA, (2) reduction of acetoa
Accumulation of acetate is a limiting factor in recombinant production of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) by Escherichia coli in high-cell-density processes. To alleviate this limitation, this study investigated two approaches: (i) deletion of phosphotransacetylase (pta), pyruvate oxidase (poxB), and/or the isocitrate lyase regulator (iclR), known to decrease acetate formation, on bioreactor cultivati
Wastewater monitoring is highly efficient in SARS-CoV-2 surveillance for tracking virus spread through travel, surpassing traditional airport passenger testing. This study explored the links between SARS-CoV-2 contents and variants from aircraft to city, assessing the impact of detected variants from international travellers versus the local population. A total of 969 variants using next-generatio
Since the rise of radical geography in the early 1970s, political economy has been crucial in examining the spatial dynamics of capital in economic geography. Marxist and non-Marxist (particularly institutionalist) economic geographers use political economy to challenge non-political economy approaches that ignore the relationship between microeconomic processes and their spatial manifestations an
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is often asymptomatic early on but can progress to irreversible conditions like cirrhosis. Due to limited access to human liver biopsies, systematic and integrative molecular resources remain scarce. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analyses on liver and metabolomic analyses on liver and plasma samples from morbidly obese i
BACKGROUND: The EAT-Lancet planetary health diet emphasises plant-based foods while including moderate amounts of animal-sourced foods. Simulation-based modelling studies suggest that the diet can provide adequate micronutrients, but concerns remain about potential deficiencies as studies have used different methodologies and few have assessed nutrient intakes using both dietary and biomarker data
In this evaluation of the international legal standing of the right to reparation and its practical implementation at the national level, Christine Evans outlines State responsibility and examines the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice, the Articles on State Responsibility of the International Law Commission and the convergence of norms in different branches of international law,
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acute, reversible form of left ventricular dysfunction, typically triggered by emotional or physical stress. The hallmark feature is reversible regional wall motion abnormality extending beyond a single coronary distribution, most commonly presenting with an apical ballooning pattern. The pathophysiology is multifactorial, encompassing neurohormonal dysregulation, ca
The function of the brain is defined by the interactions between its neurons. But these neurons exist in tremendous numbers, are continuously active, and densely interconnected. Thereby, they form one of the most complex dynamical systems known and there is a lack of approaches to characterize the functional properties of such biological neuronal networks without resorting to dimensionality reduct
Groundwater in most parts of the world is an important source of agricultural water supply for food production. Soil salinization, however, threatens groundwater quality and may cause irreparable damage to agricultural land. A key to tackling this threat is to analyze the link between agricultural crop water requirements and groundwater quality. This study aimed to investigate salinity effects on
