The phenotype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) commonly evolves between and within infected individuals, at virus transmission, and during disease progression. This evolution includes altered interactions between the virus and its coreceptors, i.e., chemokine receptors, as well as mannose C-type lectin receptors (CLRs). Transmitted/founder viruses are predominantly restricted to CCR5

Type 1 diabetes involves the specific destruction of the pancreatic islet β-cells, eventually resulting in a complete dependency of exogenous insulin. The clinical onset of diabetes is preceded by the appearance of autoantibodies against β-cell antigens. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region is the single most important genetic determinant of Type 1 diabetes susceptibility, yet variability in t

Genomic locus at chromosome 9p21 that contains the CDKN2A and CDKN2B tumor suppressor genes is inactivated through mutations, deletions and promoter methylation in multiple human cancers. Additionally, the locus encodes an anti-sense RNA (ANRIL). Both hemizygous and homozygous deletions at the locus targeting multiple genes are fairly common in different cancers. We in this study investigated brea

Genmäle till Eva af Geijerstam efter hennes kritik mot min recension av Zhang Yimous film Hero.

Review of Einhorn, L., Vad hände på vägen till Damaskus? På spaning efter den verklige Jesus från Nasaret. Stockholm: Prisma, 2006

In this article we introduce a new concept, structural identifiability, which plays a central role in identification problems. The concept is useful when answering questions such as: To what extent is it possible to get insight into the internal structure of a system from input-output measurements? What experiments are necessary in order to determine the internal couplings uniquely? The definition

Background: In the literature radiation of head and neck cancer (HNC) is followed by late side effects for more than a third of the patients. However, nearly all patients seem to experience side effects. The aim was to collect the multitude of these experiences through a patient-developed detailed questionnaire. Methods: 77 of 117 patients responded to a validated questionnaire from the Danish HN

To determine the importance of the phosphorylation capacity of receptor kinase as well as the ability to serve as docking sites for SH2-domain-containing signal transduction molecules, we established pig aortic endothelial cell lines stably expressing kinase-active platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) alpha-receptors together with kinase-inactive beta-receptors, and vice versa. After stimulation

Hip fractures are a major cause of hospital stay among the elderly, and result in increased disability and mortality. In this study from 1 April 2003 to 31 March 2004, the influence of optimised treatment of hip fracture on time to operation, length of hospital stay, reoperations and mortality within 1 year were investigated. Comparisons were made between the first 210 patients in the period and t