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We present pollen-based reconstructions of the spatio-temporal dynamics of northern European regional vegetation abundance through the Holocene. We apply the Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites (REVEALS) model using fossil pollen records from eighteen sites within five modern biomes in the region. The eighteen sites are classified into four time-trajectory types on the basi

The online-coupled, regional chemistry transport model COSMO-ART is evaluated for periods in all seasons against several measurement datasets to assess its ability to represent gaseous pollutants and ambient aerosol characteristics over the European domain. Measurements used in the comparison include long-term station observations, satellite and ground-based remote sensing products, and complex da

Rye breads made from commercial rye blends lower the postprandial insulin demand and appear to facilitate glucose regulation. However, differences in metabolic responses may occur between rye varieties. In the present work, five rye varieties (Amilo, Evolo, Kaskelott, Picasso. and Vicello) and a commercial blend of rye grown in Sweden were investigated with regard to their postprandial insulin, gl

The formation of amyloid fibrils by the intrinsically disordered protein alpha-synuclein is a hallmark of Parkinson disease. To characterize the microscopic steps in the mechanism of aggregation of this protein we have used in vitro aggregation assays in the presence of preformed seed fibrils to determine the molecular rate constant of fibril elongation under a range of different conditions. We sh

PURPOSE: To examine the expression of interstitial extracellular matrix components and their role during retinal development. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fibronectin (FN), collagen IV (Coll IV) and laminin 5 (Lam 5) expression in rat retinas from developmental stages E17 to adult were studied. In addition, PN5 full-thickness retinas were cultured for 7 days with dispase, which selectively cleaves FN and

Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is a severe disease of the eye, caused by members of the Adenoviridae (Ad) family, with symptoms such as keratitis, conjunctivitis, pain, edema, and reduced vision that may last for months or years. There are no vaccines or antiviral drugs available to prevent or treat EKC. It was found previously that EKC-causing Ads use sialic acid as a cellular receptor and d

Aim A defunctioning loop ileostomy in low anterior resection reduces the incidence and morbidity of an anastomotic leakage, but complications related to the stoma may occur. We explored stoma-associated complications during the stoma period and after stoma reversal. Methods A retrospective analysis of rectal cancer patients operated with low anterior resection and a defunctioning loop ileostomy at

The European Spallation Source (ESS) is an intergovernmental project building a multidisciplinary research laboratory based upon the world's most powerful neutron source to be built in Lund, Sweden. The ESS will use a superconducting linear accelerator which will deliver protons with 5 MW of power to the target at 2.0 GeV with a nominal current of 62.5 mA. A cryomodule test stand will be supplied

We have investigated the accumulation capacitance-voltage characteristics for capacitors with narrow band gap materials using modeling and experiments. The capacitance for InAs and In0.53Ga0.47As capacitors with a HfO2 oxide layer has been calculated using atomistic tight-binding, effective mass, and semiclassical nonparabolic models. The simulations show that band structure effects have a strong

Detailed (222)radon (Rn-222) flux maps are an essential pre-requisite for the use of radon in atmospheric transport studies. Here we present a high-resolution Rn-222 flux map for Europe, based on a parameterization of Rn-222 production and transport in the soil. The Rn-222 exhalation rate is parameterized based on soil properties, uranium content, and modelled soil moisture from two different land

Our tactile perception of external objects depends on skin-object interactions. The mechanics of contact dictates the existence of fundamental spatiotemporal input features-contact initiation and cessation, slip, and rolling contact-that originate from the fact that solid objects do not interpenetrate. However, it is unknown whether these features are represented within the brain. We used a novel

Hypersonic vehicles have to withstand extremely high aerodynamic heating and pressure loads during the ascent and reentry stages. Multilayer thermal insulations have been widely designed in thermal protection systems to keep the temperature of underlying structure within an acceptable limit. In this study, a theoretical model is built combining radiation and conduction heat transfer in high temper

The N-2(+) ion yield of the N-2 molecule has been measured at the N 1s -> Rydberg excitations. It displays Fano-type line shapes due to interference between direct outer-valence photoionization and participator decay of the core-excited Rydberg states. The N-2(+) ion yield is compared with the total intensity of the outer-valence photoelectron lines obtained recently with electron spectroscopy (Ki

The objective of this study was to compare the early migration of the cruciate retaining and posterior stabilising versions of the recently introduced Triathlon™ total knee system, with a view to predicting long term fixation performance.

Abstract in UndeterminedThe sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) technique offers a potentially invaluable means of investigating species evolution and extinction dynamics in high-latitude environments. An implicit assumption of the sedaDNA approach is that the extracted DNA is autochthonous with the host deposit and that it has not been physically transported from older source deposits or reworked w

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze how an altered collagen structure affects development of atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fibromodulin-null mice develop an abnormal collagen fibril structure. In apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-null and ApoE/fibromodulin-null mice, a shear stress-modifying carotid artery cast induced formation of atherosclerotic plaques of different phenotypes;