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Measurements of 3D slip velocities and plasma column lengths of a gliding arc discharge
Long-Term (10-Year) Mortality of Younger Previously Healthy Patients With Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock Is Worse Than That of Patients With Nonseptic Critical Illness and of General Population.
Long-term (1- to 10-year) outcomes after severe sepsis in previously healthy persons are unknown. We aimed to determine the 1- to 10-year mortality rates of previously healthy patients with severe sepsis and compare these to mortality rates of patients with nonseptic critical illness and the general population.
Role of Tobacco Use in the Etiology of Acoustic Neuroma
Two previous studies suggest that cigarette smoking reduces acoustic neuroma risk; however, an association between use of snuff tobacco and acoustic neuroma has not been investigated previously. The authors conducted a case-control study in Sweden from 2002 to 2007, in which 451 cases and 710 population-based controls completed questionnaires. Cases and controls were matched on gender, region, and
Gene-Lifestyle and Gene-Pharmacotherpy Interactions in Obesity and Its Cardiovascular Consequences.
Obesity is a highly prevalent complex trait that raises the risk of other chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, sleep apnea, and cardiovascular disease, and shortens lifespan. Clinical intervention studies focused on weight loss and epidemiological studies of obesity indicate that genetic variation may modify the relationship between lifestyle behaviors and weight loss or weig
Simulating the Mammalian blastocyst - molecular and mechanical interactions pattern the embryo.
Mammalian embryogenesis is a dynamic process involving gene expression and mechanical forces between proliferating cells. The exact nature of these interactions, which determine the lineage patterning of the trophectoderm and endoderm tissues occurring in a highly regulated manner at precise periods during the embryonic development, is an area of debate. We have developed a computational modeling
Noninvasive characterization of atrioventricular conduction in patients with atrial fibrillation.
The atrioventricular (AV) node plays a fundamental role in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), acting as a filter to the numerous irregular atrial impulses which bombard the node. A phenomenological approach to better understand AV nodal electrophysiology is to analyze the ventricular response with respect to irregularity. In different cohorts of AF patients, such analysis has been performed w
Interactions of PAMAM Dendrimers with Negatively Charged Model Biomembranes.
We have investigated the interactions between cationic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers of generation 4 (G4), a potential gene transfection vector, with net-anionic model biomembranes composed of different ratios of zwitterionic phosphocholine (PC) and anionic phospho-l-serine (PS) phospholipids. Two types of model membranes were used: solid-supported bilayers, prepared with lipids carrying pal
Adults with complex congenital heart disease have impaired skeletal muscle function and reduced confidence in performing exercise training.
Adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) usually have reduced aerobic exercise capacity compared with controls. However, their skeletal muscle function is less studied.
Interdependency between average novelty, individual average novelty, and variety
Idea generation is an important part of the engineering design process, and therefore significant research efforts have focused on developing methods to support designers in generating ideas. A key factor is the measurement of ideation effectiveness. The effectiveness of idea generation methods can be measured using metrics such as novelty, variety, quantity, and quality. Average novelty (AN) of a
The geology of mankind? A critique of the Anthropocene narrative
The Anthropocene narrative portrays humanity as a species ascending to power over the rest of the Earth System. In the crucial field of climate change, this entails the attribution of fossil fuel combustion to properties acquired during human evolution, notably the ability to manipulate fire. But the fossil economy was not created nor is it upheld by humankind in general. This intervention questio
Dietary Intake of Vitamin D and Calcium and Breast Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Studies assessing the effects of vitamin D or calcium intake on breast cancer risk have been inconclusive. Furthermore, few studies have evaluated them jointly. This study is the largest so far examining the association of dietary vitamin D and calcium intake with breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. During a mean follow-up of 8.8yr, 7760 incident
Binding Free Energy Landscape of Domain-Peptide Interactions
Peptide recognition domains (PRDs) are ubiquitous protein domains which mediate large numbers of protein interactions in the cell. How these PRDs are able to recognize peptide sequences in a rapid and specific manner is incompletely understood. We explore the peptide binding process of PDZ domains, a large PRD family, from an equilibrium perspective using an all-atom Monte Carlo (MC) approach. Our
Potential impact of (CET) carbon emissions trading on China’s power sector: A perspective from different allowance allocation options
Abstract in UndeterminedIn Copenhagen climate conference China government promised that China would cut down carbon intensity 40–45% from 2005 by 2020. CET (carbon emissions trading) is an effective tool to reduce emissions. But because CET is not fully implemented in China up to now, how to design it and its potential impact are unknown to us. This paper studies the potential impact of introducti
The Ahmeyim Great Dyke of Mauritania: A newly dated Archaean intrusion
A precise U-Pb baddeleyite age of 2733 +/- 2 Ma has been obtained for the Ahmeyim Great Dyke of Mauritania that intruded into the Tasiast-Tijirit Terrane of the Reguibat Shield, NW Mauritania. This dyke is approximately 1500 m wide at the sampling area and extends for more than 150 km NNE/SSW. Major and trace element geochemistry of the dyke indicates that the magmas that formed this intrusive bod
Spatial variability of the dose rate from (137)Cs fallout in settlements in Russia and Belarus more than two decades after the Chernobyl accident.
Radionuclides from the 1986 Chernobyl accident were released and dispersed during a limited period of time, but under widely varying weather conditions. As a result, there was a high geographical variation in the deposited radioactive fallout per unit area over Europe, depending on the released composition of fission products and the weather during the 10 days of releases. If the plume from Cherno
Stimulation of 5-HT1a receptor decreased insulin secretion in islets of Langerhans from mice and humans
Fully tunable, non-invasive thermal biasing of gated nanostructures suitable for low-temperature studies.
There is much recent interest in the thermoelectric (TE) characterization of single nanostructures at low temperatures, because such measurements yield information that is complementary to traditional conductance measurements, and because they may lead to novel paradigms for TE energy conversion. However, previously reported techniques for thermal biasing of nanostructures are difficult to use at
Report from the third international consensus meeting to harmonise core outcome measures for atopic eczema/dermatitis clinical trials (HOME)
This report provides a summary of the third meeting of the Harmonising Outcome Measures for Eczema (HOME) initiative held in San Diego, CA, U.S.A., 6-7 April 2013 (HOME III). The meeting addressed the four domains that had previously been agreed should be measured in every eczema clinical trial: clinical signs, patient-reported symptoms, long-term control and quality of life. Formal presentations
A diabetes-predictive amino acid score and future cardiovascular disease.
AimsWe recently identified a metabolic signature of three amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine, and isoleucine) that strongly predicts diabetes development. As novel modifiable targets for intervention are needed to meet the expected increase of cardiovascular disease (CVD) caused by the diabetes epidemic, we investigated whether this diabetes-predictive amino acid score (DM-AA score) predicts dev