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We develop a framework for categorization in games, applicable both to multistagegames of complete information and static games of incomplete information.Players use categories to form coarse beliefs about their opponents’behavior. Players best-respond given these beliefs, as in analogy-based expectationsequilibria. Categories are related to strategies via the requirementsthat categories contain a
Objective: To overview and summarise the Swedish National Guidelines on Urothelial Carcinoma 2024. Methods: A narrative review of the updated guidelines was performed, highlighting new treatment recommendations for advanced and metastasized disease. Results: Compared to the previous guideline version, the current update includes recommendations for standardised radiological reporting when urotheli
Spectral imaging allows for the simultaneous visualization of multiple different spectral bands of a scene, and is a powerful tool used in a range of contexts - from the color cameras in smart phones, to scientific imaging applications such as remote sensing and fluorescence microscopy. The progress within these fields of research is therefore intrinsically linked to the advances made for more eff
Stem cells are key to human tissue maintenance. Because tissue maintenance allows us to live and reproduce, stem cell control is fundamental for animal life and evolution. A team of researchers set out to explore the origins of transcription factors at the core of the induction and the maintenance of stemnss. They focus on the conservation of the Sry-related box 2 (Sox2) and the octamer-binding tr
Identifying patients at high risk of bone fracture is an important task. The clinical risk assessment, based on measurements of bone mass, correlates with strength but not toughness and is insufficient for reliable identification of high-risk patients. Starting from non-linear fracture mechanics, we hypothesise that reduced bone tissue fracture toughness and characteristic length, possibly in comb
Managed honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are increasingly used worldwide to meet the growing demand for agricultural pollination services and honey production. The spillover of managed honey bees into natural habitats can strongly transform wild plant-pollinator communities, resulting in mixed consequences for plant reproduction. To effectively predict and cope with the impacts of managed honey bees
Gyalolechia fruticum, a new epiphytic species with a Mediterranean-Macaronesian distribution, is described. It differs in molecular data and in ecology from two closely related calcicolous species, G. luteococcinea and G. marmorata, both formerly called Caloplaca subochracea auct. The new species grows on coastal shrubs (rarely on wood), accompanied by species-rich communities of maritime epiphyti
We report a parametric simulation study of traveling calcium waves in two classes of cellular structures: dendrite-like processes and an idealized cell body. It is motivated by the hypothesis that calcium waves may participate in spatiotemporal sensory processing; accordingly, its objective is to elucidate the dependence of traveling wave characteristics (e.g., propagation speed and amplitude) on
Using population reconstructions from linked civil certificates for the province of Zeeland, the Netherlands, for the period 1812–1913, I study the social gradient in maternal mortality. Maternal mortality is defined as deaths in the first 42 days after the birth of a child. Among the women — mother to at least one child and followed between age 20 and 45 — maternal mortality constitutes about one
In this article, we study a susceptible–infected–recovered (SIR) epidemic model on a network of n interacting subpopulations. We analyze the transient and asymptotic behavior of the infection dynamics in each node of the network. In contrast to the classical scalar epidemic SIR model, where the infection curve is known to be unimodal (either always decreasing over time, or initially increasing unt
A few large fires in Lithium-ion battery systems are known to have been caused by leaking coolant, and experience from fire testing indicate that coolant can be the origin of violent fires triggered before the onset of thermal runaway in the battery. It is here hypothesized that the common coolants water and ethylene glycol can form flammable gases via electrolysis in the electrical environment fo
General studies of medieval logic tend to neglect the context in which medieval logic developed and the needs to which such a development responded. Accordingly, they normally neglect the non-formal elements they encounter instead of integrating them as elements that meet the specific needs of the medieval intellectual endeavour and that are, then, part and parcel of medieval interpretations of Ar
Background: To determine if an alternating regimen of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib and regorafenib improved outcomes in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Methods: ALTGIST (NCT02365441) was a randomized phase II study of standard treatment of imatinib (Arm A) compared with an experimental alternating regimen of imatinib and regorafenib (Arm B). Primary outcome was b
Background: With the provision of home infusion therapy in children with acute or long-term illness on the rise, eHealth technologies have the potential to bridge the transition between hospital and home. However, eHealth interventions intended to support parents in managing home infusion therapy are sparse. Gaining insight into the needs and experiences of parents and health care professionals is
Treatment with warfarin in combination with clopidogrel has been shown to reduce the incidence of major bleeding as compared to triple antithrombotic therapy (TT; warfarin, clopidogrel and aspirin). However, there are uncertainties regarding the risk for thrombosis since poor-responsiveness to clopidogrel is common. Ticagrelor is a more potent platelet inhibitor, but data supporting concurrent use
OBJECTIVES: We assessed pharmacodynamic (PD) response for the reduced prasugrel 5-mg maintenance dose in very elderly (≥75y; VE) patients. BACKGROUND: In TRITON-TIMI 38, prasugrel 10-mg reduced ischemic events versus clopidogrel 75-mg, but increased bleeding in VE patients. METHODS: We examined PD and active-metabolite pharmacokinetics with prasugrel 5-mg and 10-mg and clopidogrel 75-mg in a three
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to confirm prior modeling data suggesting that prasugrel 5 mg in low-body-weight (LBW) patients would be noninferior to prasugrel 10 mg in higher-body-weight (HBW) patients as assessed by maximal platelet aggregation (MPA). BACKGROUND: Prasugrel 10 mg reduced ischemic events compared with clopidogrel 75 mg but increased bleeding, particularly in LBW patients.
