Tumor cells are dependent on glutamine metabolism and acivicin, which is a selective glutamine antagonist, has been shown to effectively retard tumor growth in several malignancies. However, systemic treatment with acivicin is associated with significant side effects. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether use of an in vivo isolated liver perfusion model may allow administration o

High-resolution digital Holter recording was carried out in 21 patients (15 men, 64 +/- 12 yr) with chronic atrial fibrillation. Dominating atrial cycle length (DACL) was derived by frequency domain analysis of QRST-reduced electrocardiograms. Daytime mean DACL was 150 +/- 17 ms, and nighttime mean was 157 +/- 22 ms (P = 0. 0002). Diurnal fluctuation in DACL differed among patients: it tended to b

New therapies, based on gene transfer and protein delivery, require a better understanding of the basic mechanisms of macromolecular membrane transport. We have studied cellular uptake of macromolecular polyanions, i.e. DNA and glycosaminoglycans, and a polybasic HIV-Tat derived peptide (GRKKRRQRRRPPQC), using fluorescence assisted cell sorting and confocal fluorescence microscopy. The Tat peptide

Postsynaptic autophosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) at Thr286/287 is crucial for the induction of long-term potentiation at many glutamatergic synapses, and has also been implicated in the persistence of synaptic potentiation. However, the availability of CaMKII phosphorylated at Thr286/287 at individual glutamatergic synapses in vivo is unclear. We used post-e

The allozyme haplotype was determined for 157 ramets of the unisexual, perennial, clonal moss Hylocomium splendens within five 10×10 cm plots, which had been the subject of demographic studies over a 5-yr period. In addition, 25 shoots were analyzed from outside the plots and from four neighbouring patches. Only four haplotypes were encountered within the plots; one female type occurred in all plo

Objectives This study tested a feasible method for screening for cardiovascular risk at the worksite and investigated the effects of a long-term comprehensive program of life style intervention to prevent cardiovascular disease. Methods Employees in the public sector filled out a self-administered questionnaire with questions on social, medical, and work-related factors. The respondents numbered 4

The chuck has, for a long time, been considered the weakest link of a lathe. This is mainly due to its two-fold connection, to the machine spindle on the one hand and to the workpiece on the other. An additional limitation of the chuck lies in the incomplete knowledge one has of the load it is exposed to during operation, which usually leads to a less than optimal machining process. Unless our und

Identifiable risk factors for the development of breast cancer include age, diet, family history, and lifetime estrogen exposure. An infectious agent (mouse mammary tumor virus; MMTV) is known to cause murine breast tumors and may be involved in the pathogenesis of human disease. Multiple studies have detected MMTV-like sequences in 30 to 60% of breast cancer samples and up to 1.8% of samples from

Life-quality studies among dermatologic patients have shown that chronic skin diseases have an impact on patients' lives. The purpose of this study was to assess the burden of skin morbidity at a community level. This was presented as prevalence of self-reported skin morbidity and dermatologic life-quality items. The association of skin disease and general health measures like feeling depressed an

Mutations in the PTEN gene are associated with a broad spectrum of disorders, including Cowden syndrome (CS), Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome, Proteus syndrome, and Lhermitte-Duclos disease. In addition, PTEN mutations have been described in a few patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and macrocephaly. In this study, we screened the PTEN gene for mutations and deletions in 88 patients w

Caloplaca testudinea is newly described from the Namib Desert and C. rubelliana, formerly known from the Mediterranean region and western North America, is reported from the same area and therefore new to southern Africa. Morphology, anatomy, ecology and secondary chemistry of the two species are investigated

We investigate properties of commutative subrings and ideals in non-commutative algebraic crossed products for actions by arbitrary groups. A description of the commutant of the coefficient subring in the crossed product ring is given. Conditions for commutativity and maximal commutativity of the commutant of the coefficient subring are provided in terms of the action as well as in terms of the in

The visualization of surface reactions on the atomic scale provides direct insight into the microscopic reaction steps taking place in a catalytic reaction at a (model) catalyst's surface. Employing the technique of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we investigated the CO oxidation reaction over the RuO2(110) and RuO2(100) surfaces. For both surfaces the protruding bridging O atoms are imaged i

Lipolysis is an important metabolic pathway controlling energy homeostasis through degradation of triglycerides stored in lipid droplets and release of fatty acids. Lipid droplets of mammalian cells are coated with one or more members of the PAT protein family, which serve important functions in regulating lipolysis. In this study, we investigate the mechanisms by which PAT family members, perilip

A general, dynamic model describing the drying mechanisms of paper has been developed. The model includes shrinkage and predicts temperature, moisture, and pressure profiles. It has been evaluated against steady-state as well as dynamic measurements oil a multicylinder paper dryer. The results revealed critical sections where low web strength and maximum gas pressure Occur. Measurements of the out

To measure the onset of mass transfer in eccentric binaries, we have developed a two-phase smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique. Mass transfer is important in the evolution of close binaries, and a key issue is to determine the separation at which mass transfer begins. The circular case is well understood and can be treated through the use of the Roche formalism. To treat the eccentric

Size distribution measurements performed at five different stations have been investigated during a one-year period between 01 June 2000 and 31 May 2001 with focus on diurnal, seasonal and geographical differences of size distribution properties. The stations involved cover a large geographical area ranging from the Finnish Lapland (67degrees N) down to southern Sweden (56degrees N) in the order V

Various types of graph statistics for graphs and digraphs are presented as numerators of incomplete U-statistics, with symmetric and asymmetric kernels, respectively. Thus, asymptotic Poisson limits of these statistics are provided by using limit theorems for the sums of dissociated random variables. Several applications to statistical analysis of graphs are given

The objective of this benchmarking is to establish a comparison of several tools and processes used in thermal NIL with Si stamps at the nanoscale among the authors' laboratories. The Si stamps have large arrays of 50 nm dense lines and were imprinted in all these laboratories in a similar to 100 nm thick mr-18010E film. Other materials, such as mr-17010E, were also tested. Good patterns were obta