OBJECTIVE: Although clinically approved for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), the mode of action of 5-azacytidine has not been well understood at the cellular level. The present study aimed at characterizing the mechanisms for 5-azacytidine-induced apoptosis, as well as the presence of a possible link between apoptosis and DNA hypomethylation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the effects of 5

A single detailed kinetic mechanism for the oxidation and combustion of n-decane and n-heptane has been written by means of an automatic mechanism generator ( REACTION) developed in our laboratory. It shows a good prediction of the ignition delay time versus temperature for the oxidation of n-decane at 13 and 50 bar and n-heptane at 13 and 40 bar for different equivalence ratios. The n-decane/n-he

A class of piecewise affine hyperbolic maps on a bounded subset of the plane is considered. It is shown that if a map from this class is sufficiently area-expanding then almost surely this map has an absolutely continuous invariant measure.

A recently developed method for quantitative assessment of regional lung ventilation was employed for the study of posture-dependent ventilation differences in rats. The measurement employed hyperpolarized 3He MRI to detect the build-up of the signal intensity after increasing numbers of 3He breaths, which allowed for computation of a regional ventilation parameter. A group of six anesthetized rat

Tropical forests, which play critical roles in global biogeochemical cycles, radiation budgets and biodiversity, have undergone rapid changes in land cover in the last few decades. This study examines the complex process of land cover change in the biodiversity hotspot of Western Ghats, India, specifically investigating the effects of conservation measures within the Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctua

This paper presents a study of supported lipid bilayer (SIB) formation and subsequent protein binding using a sensor that combines localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring. The LSPR activity arises from silicon oxide (SiOx) coated nanometric apertures in a thin gold film, which also serves as the active electrode of a QCM-D crys

The relative importance of seed, habitat and microhabitat limitation has rarely been investigated for invasive non-native species, although this is critical for their effective management and for predicting future range expansion. Rosa rugosa is an abundant non-native shrub in coastal habitats of NW Europe; it is common along the Baltic coast but more scarce in exposed dunes of the North Sea. To i

The autodetachment of 1s2s2p 4p0 in He- and nsnp 2 4P(e) in Be- (n = 2), Mg- (n = 3), and Ca- (n = 4) is calculated using an extension to continum processes of the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock method. The main interest is to investigate the processes giving rise to long-lived, metastable states in negative ions. In He- and Be- our results agree with earlier experimental and theoretical ones, an

Human papillomavirus (HPV) persistence is the major cause of cervical cancer, but most HPV infections will not persist and risk factors for HPV persistence are not well known. Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis infection seems to also be associated with cervical cancer. We investigated whether C. trachomatis infection is a risk factor for HPV persistence. In a cohort of 12,527 women participating in a pop

Lignocellulose is a potential substrate for ethanol production. However, high cellulose conversion requires high enzyme loading, which makes the process less economically feasible. Addition of surfactants to enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose increases the conversion of cellulose into soluble sugars. The mechanism is not known for the increase of lignocellulose hydrolysis by surfactant additio

We developed a technique for studying seasonal and interannual variation in pyrogenic carbon emissions from Africa using a modelling approach that scales burned area estimates from L3JRC, a map recently generated from remote sensing of burn scars instead of active fires. Carbon fluxes were calculated by the novel fire model SPITFIRE embedded within the dynamic vegetation model framework LPJ-GUESS,

Patterns of variation among all micro-species of Hieracium sect. Hieracium and H. sect. Vulgata known from Denmark and southern Sweden are investigated. Forty-three, possibly independent morphological characters are used. Significant correlations were revealed among the majority of the characters. Multivariate analyses did not reveal any discontinuities in the variation or any discrete groups of s

BACKGROUND: Formation of intra-abdominal adhesions depends, in part, on the activity of serine proteinases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are required for epithelialization of skin wounds but their involvement in mesothelialization of peritoneal wounds and in adhesion pathogenesis is not known. Early tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels have been proposed to reflect propensity to adhes

A conjugated polymer with a low band gap of 1.21 eV, i.e., absorbing infrared light, is demonstrated as active material in field-effect transistors (FETs). The material consists of alternating fluorene units and low band gap segments with electron donor-acceptor-donor units composed of two electron-donating thiophene rings attached on both sides of a thiadiazolo-quinoxaline electron-acceptor group

We present the computer program HYBRIDLAB 1.0 for simulating intraspecific hybrids from population samples of nuclear genetic markers such as microsatellites, allozymes or SNPs ( single nucleotide polymorphisms). The program generates a user-specified number of multilocus F1 hybrid genotypes between any pair of potentially hybridizing populations included in a standard input-file of multilocus gen

We have previously shown that the number of satellite cells is lower in old than young men and women. The aim of this study was to further explore the effects of aging on the regenerative potential of skeletal muscle in 16 young and 26 old men and women with comparable physical activity level (young, 25 +/- 4 years; old, 75 +/- 4 years). Mean and minimum telomere lengths were determined using Sout

The ionization sensor is an electrical probe for diagnostics in internal combustion engines. Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) imaging of fuel, hydroxyl (OH), and nitric oxide (NO) distributions has been employed to extend our knowledge about the governing processes leading to its signal. By monitoring the flame propagation in quiescent and turbulent mixtures, the cycle-to-cycle variations in the e

Steady linear gravity waves of small amplitude travelling on a current of constant vorticity are found. For negative vorticity we show the appearance of internal waves and vortices, wherein the particle trajectories are not any more closed ellipses. For positive vorticity the situation resembles that of Stokes waves, but for large vorticity the trajectories are affected.