Two new antimicrobial metabolites, zopfiellamides A (1) and B (2) were isolated from fermentations of the facultative marine fungus Zopfiella latipes CBS 611.97. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques, and they are pyrrolidinone derivatives. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Knowledge of the mechanisms behind prey selection in piscivorous fish is important for our understanding of the dynamics of freshwater systems. Prey selection can involve active predator choice or be a passive process. We experimentally studied size-selectivity in pikeperch, feeding on roach and rudd. When given a choice of different prey sizes, pikeperch selected small prey. Passive selection mec

When plant tissue is wounded a number of protective processes start. We have made a study by isothermal calorimetry of the heat production response of root and tuber tissue to wounding. Samples with different surface to volume ratios were prepared from carrots, potatoes and swedes (rutabaga) and the thermal power was measured in closed glass ampoules in a TAM Air isothermal calorimeter. The evalua

OBJECTIVE: To assess prevalence figures for psychiatric disorders among institutionalized adolescents due to behavioural problems and/or delinquency. METHOD: Participants were recruited from consecutive referrals to/or treated at two Swedish adolescent units, SIS1 (n = 60) and SIS2 (n = 70) with ranging age of 12-20.3 years (mean age = 16.2; SD = 1.8) during 1 year. Clinical and diagnostic info

This study investigates the syntax, semantics and information structure of it-cleft constructions in German and Swedish. The syntactic analysis is presented within a standard framework of generative theory. In defining genuine cleft constructions, both the syntactic and the semantic structures of clefts are taken into consideration. Here, it proves essential to distinguish between different kinds

L-Arabinose utilization by the yeasts Candida arabinofermentans PYCC 5603(T) and Pichia guilliermondii PYCC 3012 was investigated in aerobic batch cultures and compared, under similar conditions, to D-glucose and D-xylose metabolism. At high aeration levels, only biomass was formed from all the three sugars. When oxygen became limited, ethanol was produced from D-glucose, demonstrating a fermentat

The ordinary differential equations given by Ljung(1977) are used to analyse the behaviour of a certain adaptive extremal controller. It is shown that this controller will usually converge to the wrong point.This work was supported by the Swedish Board for Technical Development under contract No. 76-3804.

ABSTRACT. Differences in labour force participation and unemployment rates between indigenous populations and immigrants are common throughout Europe. But the gap seems to be particularly wide in Sweden. Based on studies of work places that traditionally employed large numbers of immigrants, but where they are now declining, it is argued that a driving force behind this process of exclusion is to

The reactions between galena and synthetic lead(II) sulphide powders, and potassium alkylxanthates have been studied in aqueous, acetone and acetonitrile solutions. Acetone and acetonitrile have been used since potassium and lead(II) alkylxanthates are soluble in these solvents. Qualitative analysis of the alkylxanthate species present on the surfaces of galena and synthetic lead(II) sulphide afte

In this paper concepts and nomenclature of light measurements are discussed. The particular problems of underwater light measurements and the calibration of the equipment were presented. The pros and cons with spectroradiometers and broad band sensors were discussed. The use of specific ultraviolet-B sources for algal photobiology is recommended.

Oxygen consumption, lactate production and tissue contents of ATP, phosphocreatine (PCr) and lactate were measured following readdition of K+ to K+-depleted rat portal veins, in order to study the energy turnover associated with Na+/K+ pumping. During incubation in K+-free medium at 37 degrees C spontaneous contractions disappeared in 10-20 min. Readdition of K+ (5.9 mM) after 40 min K+-free incub

The interactions between charged alkylacrylamide gels of varying hydrophobicity and charge density and the oppositely charged surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium (C(16)TA(+)) have been investigated to determine the conditions necessary to induce excess surfactant binding (beyond charge neutralization) and resolubilization of the polymer-surfactant complex. In all cases, an initial gel collapse o

Caloplaca gyalectoides S. Kondratyuk & Karnefelt from the Cape Province, South Africa, and Caloplaca chilensis S. Kondratyuk, Karnefelt, Froden & Arup with an associated parasymbiont Arthonia tetraspora S. Kondratyuk & Karnefelt occurring mainly along the coast in central Chile are described as new. Possible associated taxa are briefly discussed. Distribution maps are provided for all