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Published 12 February 2020 Within cancer care, dynamic evaluations of the loss in expectation of life provides useful information to patients as well as physicians. The loss of lifetime function yields the conditional loss in expectation of life given survival up to a specific time point. Due to the inevitable censoring in time-to-event data, loss of lifetime estimation requires extrapolation of b
Published 8 February 2020 A film by Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Institute of Gender & Health See the film here.
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/assessing-sex-and-gender-integration-peer-review - 2024-12-23
Published 13 February 2020 An important, yet infrequently discussed,point is that this conversion was derived for a Pearson correlation computed between a binary exposure X and a continuous outcome Y , also called a “point-biserial” correlation. New publication in Epidemiology
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/simple-interpretable-conversion-pearsons-correlation-cohens-d-continuous-exposures - 2024-12-23
Published 13 February 2020 Causal mediation analysis is a topic of intense research. In this note, we derive an analytic expression for the proportion explained by mediation on the survival function scale, marginally over measured confounders. This expression has a simple form that does not depend on time, on the confounder distribution, or on the assumed models for the confounder effects on the m
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/approximate-expression-proportion-explained-mediation-survival-analysis - 2024-12-23
Published 14 February 2020 The key benefits of a scalable, automated data capture tool like GRHANITE™ cannot be fully realised in settings with under-developed electronic health infrastructure. While this approach remains promising for creating and maintaining a registry that monitors the quality of CR provided to patients, further investment is required in the digital platforms underpinning this
Published 14 February 2020 Bias and confounding can distort findings from observational studies; adjustment or correction for these sources of error rarely dramatically change the results. Immortal time bias, which is included in the follow-up period during which the study outcome by design cannot occur, is a potential source of bias in longitudinal studies. Researchers often assume that immortal
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/example-how-immortal-time-bias-can-reverse-results-observational-study - 2024-12-23
Published 15 February 2020 The process of conducting and disseminating findings of epidemiologic investigations is not standardized. To address this, recommended guidelines, as opposed to mandated rules, were established over 4 decades ago that have become widely endorsed among the biomedical journals, including Epidemiology. One requirement in particular stipulates that the “[m]ethods section sho
Published 15 February 2020 Standardization by a disease risk score (DRS) may be preferable to weighting on the exposure propensity score if the exposure is difficult to model, relatively novel (i.e., newly emerging or rapidly-evolving), or extremely rare. For exposures with more than two levels, methods are lacking for a DRS-based approach. We present an approach to estimate trends in standardized
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/assessing-exposure-response-trends-using-disease-risk-score - 2024-12-23
Published 16 February 2020 The prevalence of CWP remained high over time, but with individual transitions between the pain groups. The development and persistence of CWP were predicted by more pain and worse health, with the addition of female gender and higher age for persistent CWP. Special attention and treatment alternatives for patients with SpA and concomitant CWP are essential in the clinic
Published 16 February 2020 Comorbidity indices calculated from electronic health records are commonly used in research studies for various reasons, including study inclusion criteria or to adjust for overall health status. However, changes in diagnosis codes and/or billing practices may alter index values and lead to inaccurate inclusions/exclusions or covariate adjustment. While extracting data f
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/comorbidity-index-score-increases-due-coding-artifacts - 2024-12-23
Published 10 February 2020 LUNARC driver på uppdrag av Lunds universitet ett förstudieprojekt med syfte att undersöka behov av och möjligheter till tillgängliggörande och lagring över lång tid av universitetets forskningsdata. I samband med detta genomförs intervjuer med och observationsstudier av forskare, systemadministratörer och stödpersonal för att skapa ett bra underlag när processer och tek
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/utredare-av-forskningsdatahantering - 2024-12-23
Published 17 February 2020 Based on estimates from log-linear difference-in-differences models, our results indicate after the CAAA designation for PM2.5 in 2005, PM2.5 levels decreased 1.59 micrograms per cubic meter (95% CI = 1.39, 1.80) and mortality rates among those 65 and older decreased by 0.93% (95% CI = 0.10%, 1.77%) in nonattainment counties, relative to attainment ones. Results are robu
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/estimating-causal-effects-particulate-matter-regulation-mortality - 2024-12-23
Published 17 February 2020 Latent class models have become a popular means of summarizing survey questionnaires and other large sets of categorical variables. Often these classes are of primary interest to better understand complex patterns in data. Increasingly, these latent classes are reified into predictors of other outcomes of interests, treating the most likely class as the true class to whi
Published 18 February 2020 The Dictionary of Epidemiology defines epidemiology as “the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states and events.” The definition given by the WHO appends to this the phrase “(including disease).” In both definitions, it is health, not disease, that is the focus. However, in actual practice, epidemiologic research focuses on diseases and on risk
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/positive-epidemiology - 2024-12-23
Published 18 February 2020 The availability of large datasets from multiple sources [e.g. registries, biobanks, electronic health records (EHRs), claims or billing databases, implantable devices, wearable sensors, and mobile apps], coupled with advances in computing and analytic technologies, have provided new opportunities for conducting innovative health research. Equally, improved digital acces
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/understanding-use-observational-and-randomized-data-cardiovascular-medicine - 2024-12-23
Published 14 February 2020 Syftet med seminariet är att medvetandegöra och problematisera etiska aspekter rörande forskares kontakter med media. Läs mer här.
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/etiska-aspekter-pa-forskares-kontakter-med-media - 2024-12-23
Published 15 February 2020 The Centre for Mathematical Sciences offers statistical consulting to all employees at Lund University. They can offer assistance both in terms of short meetings and participation in larger projects. All consulting starts with a short (about 30 minutes) meeting where you discuss how they can help you in your research. Read more here.
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/statistical-consulting - 2024-12-23
Published 19 February 2020 Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can act as surfactants and have been suggested to be capable of affecting gut mucosa integrity, a possible factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). So far, only PFOA has been shown to have a positive association with ulcerative colitis. The present study aimed to investigate the association of PFAS and clinically di
Published 21 February 2020 Clinical practice improvements based on quality-register data are influenced by multiple factors. Although there is agreement that information from quality registers is valuable for quality improvement, practical ways of organising register use have been notoriously difficult to realise. The present study sought to investigate the mechanisms that lead various clinicians
https://www.lupop.lu.se/article/role-professional-logics-quality-register-use-realist-evaluation - 2024-12-23
Published 20 February 2020 An increasing number of women are evaluated for potential breast cancer and may experience mental distress during evaluation. We aim to assess the risks of psychiatric disorders and cardiovascular diseases during the diagnostic workup of potential breast cancer. New publication in Breast Cancer Research
