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This chapter explores Afghanistan's relationship with international law. Post-2001 statebuilding efforts in Afghanistan involved a strong commitment to reintegrating the Afghan state into the international legal system. However, a significant gap existed between formal commitments and on-the-ground realities. This chapter examines Afghanistan's relationship with international law by focusing on fo
Miljöfrågan är högaktuell i dagens samhälle. Företagen och kommunerna tävlar om att vara mest klimatvänliga. Detta leder till en nyfikenhet kring hur byggnadsmaterial kan användas på ett mer effektivt sätt och hur de material som redans används i våra byggnader kan få ett nytt liv på bästa sätt. En stor andel av det som byggdes på 60-talet i Sverige var av tegel, därav har intresset för att kunna Environmental issues are highly topical in today´s society, with companies and municipalities competing to be the most climate friendly. This has sparked an increasing interest in how building material can be used more efficiently and how existing materials within buildings can be given a new life. A large proportion of buildings constructed in Sweden during the 1960s were made of brick, which has
This article elaborates on the embodiment of heritage via dressing practices in several rural and urban Nordic communities in the United States. Getting dressed is a shared human practice that we engage in and repeat most days, and for special occasions, traditional dress, or folk costume, comes into particular focus. I approach dressing in folk costume as a “situated embodied practice,” a mode of
This paper explores ‘utopia as method’ to envision solid waste and sewage management systems which are equitable and sustainable. Global solid waste management is largely sustained by millions of waste pickers who collect, sort and manage waste. Sanitation workers play a vital role in maintaining sewage systems. These workers are exposed to dangerous, toxic workspaces, and they often belong to mar
Background We investigate whether, in Swedish national registers, social and psychiatric outcomes for six major psychiatric and substance disorders - drug use disorder (DUD), alcohol use disorder (AUD), major depression (MD), bipolar disorder (BD), anxiety disorder (AD), and schizophrenia (SZ) - reflect the primary genetic risk for each disorder and the level of genetic heterogeneity. Methods We u
Background Access to adequate antenatal care (ANC) is crucial for improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Despite high national ANC coverage, Colombia still faces regional and socioeconomic disparities. This study aims to estimate geographical and intersectional inequalities in ANC coverage and evaluate the contribution of social determinants to these disparities. Methods We conducted a c
This article analyses the rapid rise of gambling addiction in Kazakhstanwithin the broader context of Central Asia’s evolving gambling economy. Drawingon ethnographic fieldwork, it shows how digital technologies, regulatory gaps, andneoliberal reforms have expanded gambling access while deepening its harms.Official statistics vastly understate the problem, while unofficial estimates suggesthundred
Introduction Sweden, as many other high-income countries, has adopted guidelines to offer induction of labour at 41+0 gestational weeks to decrease the risk for perinatal death. As more than 20% of the pregnant population reach this gestational age, and along with other contributing factors, induction rates have increased up to 30% in many countries. Both women and care providers have raised the q
The chemical structures of dissolved organic compounds in natural waters, including the degree of aromaticity, affect their physical, chemical, and biological properties and ultimately the fate of carbon in aquatic systems and during water treatment. Herein, a new fluorescence-based aromaticity index named ARIX is shown to link the composition of aquatic dissolved organic matter to its aromaticity
Combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations are a popular approach to study reaction mechanisms of enzymes. However, recently, the reproducibility of such calculations has been questioned, comparing the results of two software: NWChem and Q-Chem. Here, we continue and extend this study by including three additional software─ComQum, ORCA, and AMBER─using the same test ca
Introduction: Obesity is a chronic, progressive, and recurring disease that contributes significantly to multimorbidity across Europe. Despite the publication of numerous clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for obesity, many chronic disease guidelines for obesity related diseases such as diabetes, MASLD, heart disease, obstructive sleep apnea do not integrate contemporary understandings of obesity
The Nordic countries have been described as generous front-runners in their development assistance, making observers suggest the existence of a ‘Nordic Model’. They have been claimed to play a leadership role in a European and global context. Recently, however, this characterisation has been challenged due to changes in Nordic policies and in the external environment. We investigate the developmenThe Nordic countries have been described as generous front-runners in their development assistance, making observers suggest the existence of a ‘Nordic Model’. They have been claimed to play a leadership role in a European and global context. Recently, however, this characterisation has been challenged due to changes in Nordic policies and in the external environment. We investigate the developmen
Perturbed secretion of insulin and other pancreatic islet hormones is the main cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The islets harbor five cell types that are potentially altered differently by T2D. Whole-islet transcriptomics and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) studies have revealed differentially expressed genes without reaching consensus. Here, we demonstrate that further insights into T2D dis
Intelligence scholars have described the contemporary availability ofOpen-Source Intelligence (OSINT) and the entrance of civil society actorsinto the field of intelligence as a “democratization of intelligence”, therebyportraying a fundamentally positive and inclusive enterprise. Assessingthe implications of the recent explosion of OSINT groups and activists fortraditional state intelligence acto
This paper examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled technologies on employee pay in the United Kingdom. We use matched nationally representative data from the Employers’ Digital Practices at Work Survey and an original survey of 6000 UK workers and apply machine learning techniques to uncover relationships between AI technology and employee pay across qualification and occupatio
