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The use of a single vertical screen to obstruct the propagation of noise from source to receiver over hard and soft flat ground is well known. However, In addition to considerations of acoustical efficiency, the design of road traffic noise barriers depends on many other factors. Site conditions, planning restraints and visual considerations will affect the final selected design, as will engineeri
Who benefits from the ignorance of others? We address this question from the point of view of a policy maker who can induce some ignorance into a system of agents competing for resources. Evolutionary game theory shows that when unconditional cooperators or ignorant agents compete with defectors in two-strategy settings, unconditional cooperators get exploited and are rendered extinct. In contrast
Computational social sciences (CSS) refer to computer-enabled investigations of human behaviour and social interaction. They include three main components - (i) computational modelling and social simulation, (ii) the analysis of digital traces of online interactions, (iii) virtual labs and online experiments - and allow researchers to perform studies that were even hard to imagine a few decades ag
Collaborations based on academic–practitioner interactions are not always as straightforward as presented in commonplace transdisciplinary theory. This chapter provides the most important insights from past and ongoing work from a sustainability project that uses the ‘Research Forum’ (RF) as a new a means of co-producing transdisciplinary knowledge. The findings center on four of the most common m
In the present paper, computational auralizations of a single pass-by of a passenger car and passenger train are investigated. Auralization of future traffic noise scenarios would be a valuable tool for city planners, noise consultants and decision makers, since it would make it possible to evaluate various noise mitigation solutions already at the planning stage. The main goal of the Swedish mult
Non-invasive imaging biomarkers (IBs) are warranted to enable improved diagnostics and follow-up monitoring of interstitial lung disease (ILD) including drug-induced ILD (DIILD). Of special interest are IB, which can characterize and differentiate acute inflammation from fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a PET-tracer specific for Collagen-I, combined with multi-echo MRI, in a
Introduction: Fast-track referral pathways for patients with nonspecific, serious symptoms have been implemented in several countries. Our objective was to analyze time intervals in the diagnostic routes of patients diagnosed with cancer at Sweden’s first Diagnostic Center (DC) for nonspecific symptoms and compare with time intervals of matched control patients. Methods: Adult patients with nonspe
Aim: Students with hearing loss (HL) often fall behind hearing peers in complex language tasks such as narrative writing. This study explored the effects of school grade, gender, cognitive and linguistic predisposition and audiological factors on narrative text quality in this target group.Method: Eleven students with HL in Grades 5–6 and 7–8 (age 12–15) who took part in a writing intervention wro
Aortic Z-score (Z-score) is utilized in clinical trials to monitor the effect of medications on aortic dilation rate in Marfan (MFS) patients. Z-scores are reported in relation to body surface area and therefore are a function of height and weight. However, an information void exists regarding natural, non-pharmacological changes in Z-scores as children age. We had concerns that Z-score decrease a
OBJECTIVE Higher plasma vitamin C levels are associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk, but whether this association is causal is uncertain. To investigate this, we studied the association of genetically predicted plasma vitamin C with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted genome-wide association studies of plasma vitamin C among 52,018 individuals of European ancestry to disc
Review of Michael Longley, Collected Poems, Wake Forest University Press, 2007.
Background and Aims: Since 2008, a plethora of research studies has compared the efficacy of water-assisted (aided) colonoscopy (WAC) and underwater resection (UWR) of colorectal lesions with standard colonoscopy. We reviewed and graded the research evidence with potential clinical application. We conducted a modified Delphi consensus among experienced colonoscopists on definitions and practice of
Objective: The aim of this study was to prospectively determine the incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and define risk factors in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with zoledronic acid and/or denosumab. Study Design: In a prospective cohort study performed in Region Skåne, Sweden, from January 1, 2012, until December 31, 2015, all patients with breast can
