Glycoprotein B (gB, gpUL55) is the major antigen for the induction of neutralizing antibodies against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), making it an attractive molecule for active and passive immunoprophylaxis. The region between aa 552 and 635 of HCMV gB (termed AD-1) has been identified as the immunodominant target for the humoral immune response following natural infection. AD-1 represents a comple

Experiments were carried out to analyze the function of cysteine residues at amino acid positions 506 (cI), 550 (cII), 573 (cIII), and 610 (cIV), in dimerization and/or disulfide linkage of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoprotein B (gB). Single c-codons or pairs were substituted in the gB sequence of constructs which were used for transfection and selection of stable transfectants. Analysis of g

Working with phage display, there are a number of ways for characterizing the phage and the molecules that they display. BIAcore(TM) biosensor and Origen Analyzer provide novel detection systems permitting sensitive and flexible analyses. Such analytical approaches are of critical importance to allow early selection of appropriate clones for further evaluation. In this review we describe the appli

The major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) has recently been shown not only to present antigens to the immune system but also to mediate transmembrane signaling, resulting in activation, inactivation, or apoptosis. Such signaling has been observed in both normal and malignant cells of the B and T cell lineage. Cross-linking of MHC-I on the pre-B- acute-lymphocytic cell line KM-3 induces

In vitro antibody responses to a synthetic immunogen, consisting of both a B cell [V3 loop of gp120 from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)] and a T-helper epitope (15 amino acids of tetanus toxoid) was studied. The in vitro activation was performed by primary and secondary in vitro immunizations, using lymphocytes obtained from uninfected, seronegative donors. Analysis of the in vitro im

The relationship between bolus volume (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 ml) and larynx elevation during swallowing was assessed in 10 non-dysphagic and 10 dysphagic individuals without pharyngeal dysfunction. Laryngeal elevation in different types of pharyngeal dysfunction was assessed in 60 non-dysphagic and 75 dysphagic patients. All subjects were examined with liquid barium and cineradiography at 50 frames/s.

Open Innovation (OI) has attracted scholarly interest from a wide range of disciplines since introduced by Chesbrough, i.e. ”a paradigm that assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market, as they look to advance their technology”. However, OI remains unexplored for software engineering (SE), although widespread in practice

With a high share of motor vehicles yielding to crossing cyclists, cyclists’ waiting time decreases and their level of service increases. The main aim of this paper is to study how this propensity to yield is connected to the traffic safety situation for cyclists at cycle crossings in a Swedish context. In a previous study, motor vehicle drivers’ yielding behaviour was studied at 65 cycle crossing

This paper is based on the keynote talk that I gave on the EAHIL+ICAHIS+ICLC 2015 Workshop in Edinburgh. A starting point for the talk was the theme for the Workshop: “Research-minded: supporting, understanding, conducting research”. Some features of qualitative research are presented and a number of methods are mentioned before zooming in on interviewing, discussing some aspects of that method wiThis paper is based on the keynote talk that I gave on the EAHIL+ICAHIS+ICLC 2015 Workshop in Edinburgh. A starting point for the talk was the theme for the Workshop: “Research-minded: supporting, understanding, conducting research”. Some features of qualitative research are presented and a number of methodsare mentioned before zooming in on interviewing, discussing some aspects of that method wit

A chimeric bifunctional enzyme composing of galactose dehydrogenase (galDH; from Pseudomonas fluorescens) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; from Bacillus stearothermophilus) was successfully constructed. The chimeric galDH/LDH possessed dual characteristics of both galactose dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase activities while exhibiting hexameric rearrangement with a molecular weight of approxi

We investigate suitable conditions for a C0-semigroup (T(t))t≥0 of Hilbert space contractions to be unitarily equivalent to the restriction of the adjoint shift semigroup (S∗γ(t))t≥0 to an invariant subspace of the standard weighted Bergman space Aγ−2(C+,K). It turns out that (T(t))t≥0 admits a model by (S∗γ(t))t≥0 if and only if its cogenerator is γ-hypercontractive and limt→0T(t)=0 in strong ope

Det finns inget annat folk i flyktingvärlden som det vurmas så mycket för som tibetanerna samtidigt som det heller inte finns några andra flyktingar som möter så stort ifrågasättande av sin frihetskamp. Tibetanerna har fastnat i den ostorientaliska fällan där föreställningarna om de fredsälskande, medkännande och upplysta tibetanska buddhisterna är så starka bland oss västerlänningar att vi med fö

Discussions of the cultural economy often focus upon the movement of such things as signs, media images, fashion and their entanglement in economic processes, but less attention has been paid to the concrete ways in which cultural heritage is affected by the processes and conditions of commoditization. This paper focuses upon how two museums of Scandinavian heritage struggle with very different cu

In this paper the balanced truncation procedureis applied to a time-varying linear system, both in continuous and in discrete time. It is discussed how to obtain the reduced-order systems by using certainprojections instead of direct balancing. An approximative zero-order-hold discretization of continuous-time systems is described, and a new a priori approximation error bound for balanced truncati