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Circulating tumor cells in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma of the bladder : Association with tumor stage, lymph node metastases, FDG-PET findings, and survival
Background: There are currently no methods in clinical use that can detect early systemic dissemination of urothelial tumor cells. Objective: To evaluate measurement of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as a biomarker for disseminated disease in patients with advanced bladder cancer. Design, setting, and participants: Between March 2013 and October 2015, 88 patients were prospectively included in the
Exploration of the active site of β4GalT7 – Synthesis of substrates and inhibitors
Ytan av alla celler är dekorerad med kolhydrater som står för mycket av den information en cell överför till omgivande celler. Många av kolhydraterna tillhör en föreningsklass som kallas proteoglykaner som består av ett protein sammanbundet med en eller flera långa kolhydratkedjor. Dessa kolhydratkedjor kallas glykosaminoglykaner och är bundna till proteinet via kolhydraten xylos. Än så länge har β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase 7 (β4GalT7) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of proteoglycans (PGs) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains, which are important macromolecules involved in many biological processes such as cell growth and cell signaling as well as in cancer pathobiology and viral and bacterial infections. Despite its pivotal role, much is still unknown regarding the specific structure of
Exploring health navigating design: momentary contentment in a cancer context
Purpose: The technocratic and medicalized model of healthcare is rarely optimal for patients. By connecting two different studies we explore the possibilities of increasing quality of life in cancer care.Methods: The first study captures survival strategies in a historically isolated Arctic village in Norway resulting in Momentary contentment theory, which emerged from analysing four years of part
Myten om "in dubio contra fiscum"
Addressing human behaviour in assessments of energy efficiency in buildings
Aβ accumulation causes MVB enlargement and is modelled by dominant negative VPS4A
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD)-linked β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulates in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the onset of AD pathogenesis. Alterations in endosomes are among the earliest changes associated with AD but the mechanism(s) that cause endosome enlargement and the effects of MVB dysfunction on Aβ accumulation and tau pathology are incompletely understood.METHODS: MVB size and Aβ fibrils i
High contrast sensitivity for visually guided flight control in bumblebees
Many insects rely on vision to find food, to return to their nest and to carefully control their flight between these two locations. The amount of information available to support these tasks is, in part, dictated by the spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity of their visual systems. Here, we investigate the absolute limits of these visual properties for visually guided position and speed con
Preparation of Decellularized Lung Matrices for Cell Culture and Protein Analysis
The limited available treatment options for patients with chronic lung diseases, such as fibrosis, lead to poor prognosis after diagnosis and short survival rates. An exciting new bioengineering approach utilizes de- and recellularization of lung tissue to potentially overcome donor organ shortage and immune reactions toward the received transplant. The goal of decellularization is to create a sca
Human pulmonary 3D models for translational research
Lung diseases belong the major causes of death worldwide. Recent innovative methodological developments now allow more and more for the use of primary human tissue and cells to model such diseases. In this regard, the review covers bronchial air-liquid interface cultures, precision cut lung slices as well as ex vivo cultures of explanted peripheral lung tissue and de-/re-cellularization models. Di
Child Day-Labourers in Agriculture : Evidence from Farm Accounts, 1740-1850
While child labour has always been an important part of the industrial revolutionstory, there is little quantitative evidence about the number of child workers in the1740–1850 period. This article estimates trends in the percentage of the agriculturalday-labouring workforce that were children. By using the wage level to identify childworkers, it is possible to estimate child labour for a large sam
En ny gudinna för en ny tid : Ovidius och Hersilias metamorfos
This article argues that the Roman poet Ovid in his Metamorphoses invented the apotheosis of Hersilia into the goddess Hora as a way to flatter the empress Livia. There are compelling parallels between the words used to describe Hersilia and Livia in Ovid’s poetry. Furthermore, Hersilia was, according to the legend, a Sabine woman who married Romulus, the founder of Rome. Livia was born into the C
Hur länge har folk skändat flaggor?
Det är knappast ofarligt att demonstrera i Sverige
Katedralen var jordens högsta byggnad - då rasade tornet och pengarna tog slut
Recension av Kyrklig rätt och kyrklig orätt
Removal of Water-Soluble Extractives Improves the Enzymatic Digestibility of Steam-Pretreated Softwood Barks
Softwood bark contains a large amounts of extractives—i.e., soluble lipophilic (such as resin acids) and hydrophilic components (phenolic compounds, stilbenes). The effects of the partial removal of water-soluble extractives before acid-catalyzed steam pretreatment on enzymatic digestibility were assessed for two softwood barks—Norway spruce and Scots pine. A simple hot water extraction step remov
International trade and carbon emissions : The role of Chinese institutional and policy reforms
The carbon dioxide embodied in Chinese exports to developed countries increased rapidly from 1995 to 2008. We test the extent to which institutional reforms in China can explain this increase. We focus on five areas of reforms: trade liberalization, environmental institutions, legal and property rights, institutional risk and exchange rate policy. Our results show that trade liberalization, weak eThe carbon dioxide embodied in Chinese exports to developed countries increased rapidly from 1995 to 2008. We test the extent to which institutional reforms in China can explain this increase. We focus on five areas of reforms: trade liberalization, environmental institutions, legal and property rights, institutional risk and exchange rate policy. Our results show that trade liberalization, weak e
Yttrande över remissen ”Förslag till ett skärpt amorteringskrav för hushåll med höga skuldkvoter”
Nationalekonomiska institutionen delar Finansinspektionens oro för hushållens höga skuldsättning och de negativa effekter dessa kan få på samhällsekonomin i framtiden. Institutionen ställer sig emellertid inte bakom förslaget om ett skärpt amorteringskrav. Hushållens växande skulder är orsakade av låga räntor Amorteringskravet är förvisso en metod för att motverka de låga räntornas effekt på skuld
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context.METHODS: We u