The primary hydroxyl groups in potato starch were selectively oxidized to the corresponding aldehyde and carboxylic acid functionalities by mediators like TEMPO, using laccase from fungi as catalytic oxidant and oxygen as the primary oxidant. Oxidized starch products with degree of substitution (DS(CHO) ranging from 0.16 to 16.4/100AGU and DS(COOH) from 0.01 to 3.71 carboxyl groups/100AGU) were ob

Abstract is not available

MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies of white matter integrity in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia have consistently shown involvement of frontal and temporal white matter, corresponding to regional loss of cortical volume. Volumetric imaging has a suboptimal sensitivity as a diagnostic tool and thus we wanted to explore if DTI is a better method to discriminate patients and contro

Objective – To identify key factors affecting the probability of obtaining an interview and being hired for an academic library position. Design – An online survey was distributed via the following electronic mail lists: ACRL, LITA, COLLIB, METRO, ACQNET, COLLDV, ULS, EQUILIBR, and ALF. The questionnaire was posted via StudentVoice, an assessment survey provider. Setting – Academic libraries in

Bacterial and fungal growth rate measurements are sensitive variables to detect changes in environmental conditions. However, while methods to assess the species composition and biomass of fungi and bacteria has made much progress, information about growth rates remains surprisingly rudimentary. We review the recent history of approaches to assess bacterial and fungal growth rates, leading up to c

Recent evidence suggests that many Australian agamids show temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) with variation in sex determining mechanisms among closely related taxa. However, as shown in other vertebrates, sex ratios can also be influenced by genetic or phenotypic differences among females in their propensity to produce sons or daughters, and these influences might confound any thermal

Aim: To estimate hazard ratio (HR) of first incident fatal/non-fatal cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in female/male type 2 diabetic patients, with tight versus adverse control of HbA1c and blood pressure (BP) at baseline, age 30-70 years, no baseline CVD, followed for mean 5.7 years. Methods: 2593 patients with tight control of HbA1c

PURPOSE: This study describes the quality of life (QOL) and uncertainty in patients who have an l implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and predicts QOL at long-term follow-up. METHODS: Long-term follow-up was defined as 6.9 years 1 year (range 4.11-8.7 years). QOL was measured with the Quality of Life Index, and uncertainty was measured with the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale. RESULTS

Aim To investigate the association between psychosocial conditions at work, unemployment and self-reported psychological health. Methods A cross-sectional postal questionnaire for the 2000 public health survey in Scania was administered to both working and unemployed people aged 18–64 years. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between psychosocial factors at work/u

Human social, cognitive, and linguistic functioning depends on skills for rapidly processing action. Identifying distinct acts within the dynamic motion flow is one basic component of action processing; for example, skill at segmenting action is foundational to action categorization, verb learning, and comprehension of novel action sequences. Yet little is currently known about mechanisms that may

Background: Trust as a measure of social capital has been documented to be associated with health. Mediating factors for this association are not well investigated. Harmful alcohol consumption is believed to be one of the mediating factors. We hypothesized that low social capital defined as low institutional trust is associated with harmful alcohol consumption. Methods: Data from the 2006 Swedish

A tiling path 33K BAC array was used to study 28 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) who had normal or failed G-banded karyotypes. Twenty-two patients (79%) had a total of 135 copy number alterations (CNA) (69 gains and 66 losses); most of these patients showed CNA that were below the resolution of G-banding. Molecular cytogenetic and array comparative genomic hybridization results e

HAMLET (human alpha-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) is a molecular complex derived from human milk that kills tumor cells by a process resembling programmed cell death. The complex consists of partially unfolded alpha-lactalbumin and oleic acid, and both the protein and the fatty acid are required for cell death. HAMLET has broad antitumor activity in vitro, and its therapeutic effect has

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have a malignant potential varying from virtually no risk of recurrence (microscopic GISTs) to a high risk. Acquired secondary mutations that interfere with imatinib binding have been identified as a common mechanism for drug resistance and tumor progression in advanced GIST. Patients with advanced GIST but with a small tumor mass have the longest time to di

Background: Lung densitometry is an effective method to assess overall progression of emphysema, but generally the location of the progression is not estimated. We hypothesized that progression of emphysema is the result of extension from affected areas toward less affected areas in the lung. To test this hypothesis, a method was developed to assess emphysema severity at different levels in the lu

For the first time, the experimental and theoretical evidence for the conversion of 4-nitrobenzenethiol (4-NBT) to p,p'-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) in Ag and Cu sols by surface photochemistry reaction is obtained with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. The SERS spectrum of 4-NBT in Cu sol is identical to that of DMAB produced from 4-aminothiophenol in Ag sol as reported in rece

The aminoglycosides and cyclic polypeptides are essential drugs in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, underscoring the need for accurate and reproducible drug susceptibility testing (DST). The epidemiological cutoff value (ECOFF) separating wild-type susceptible strains from non-wild-type strains is an important but rarely used tool for indicating susceptibility breakpoints against

In N2O a detailed study of the vibrational distribution of the (X) over tilde state reached after decay of core-to-pi* excitation of N terminal, N central and 0 1s core levels is reported. We observe a change in the relative intensity of bending versus stretching modes while scanning the photon energy across all three resonances. While this effect is known to be due to the Renner-Teller splitting