The increasing semiconductor functionality relies on more complex integrated circuits with higher component densities. Miniaturisation and its implications on resource consumption in semiconductor facilities have been fairly well explored in a number of life cycle assessment (LCA) studies, which show that, in spite of the growing product complexity, resource intensities per product unit are gradua

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of blindness in the Western world in people aged 65 years or less. Intensive blood glucose control reduces the risk for development and progression of retinopathy. There is also a strong association between hypertension and retinopathy, and antihypertensive treatment seems to reduce the risk for both development and progression of retinopathy. The reti

Popular Abstract in Swedish Människans immunsystem utgörs av en komplex sammansättning av celler och molekyler, som interagerar med varandra men även med kroppens övriga vävnader. Dess huvudsakliga uppgift är att förse sin värd med ett försvar mot yttre och inre förhållanden, som kan orsaka denna skada, t.ex. bakterie- och virusinfektioner eller betingelser för utveckling av cancer. Denna försvarsThis thesis is based upon four original papers in which human dendritic cells (DCs) and B cells have been analyzed in terms of how they influence the character of adaptive immune responses. DCs isolated from human tonsils were found to possess a capacity to directly regulate proliferation, isotype switching, and antibody production in B cells. DC-produced cytokines, including IL-13, were identifie

There is a growing interest on Open Source Enterprise Resource Planning (OS-ERP) systems among organizations today. When developing ERP systems a major problem is requirements management. Proponents of open source development often claim it has a high level of involvement from users in adopting organizations. However, comparing with proprietary ERP development it is not that clear if users are mor

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The CO2 mitigation cost when biomass replaces fossil fuels depends on several factors, such as the type of fossil fuel replaced, the energy systems involved, induced changes in the biospheric carbon stock, and the intensity and efficiency of the biomass production. Irrigation of energy crops, using nutrient rich municipal wastewater and drainage water, can lead to substantially improved productivi

Aerosol particles have always been present in the atmosphere, arising from natural sources. But it was not until recently when emissions from anthropogenic (man made) sources began to dominate, that atmospheric aerosols came into focus and the aerosol science in the environmental perspective started to grow. These sources emit or produce particles with different elemental and chemical compositions

Popular Abstract in Swedish Läs- och skrivfärdigheter är av stor betydelse i det moderna samhället. Dyslexi (läs- och skrivsvårigheter) är därför inte bara ett språkligt handikapp - det verkar också ha sociala konsekvenser som t.ex. högre arbetslöshet bland individer med dessa svårigheter. Tidigare forskning har bl.a. visat att personer med dyslexi har ett sämre verbalt minne och lägre självförtroReading and writing skills are of crucial importance in modern society. Therefore, dyslexia is a significant handicap, not only in respect of lexical skills and processing of language-based information - it appears to have social consequences as well, as evidenced for instance by the high frequency of dyslexics among long-term unemployed people. One major research problem is that the term dyslexia