Taste-sensing type 2 receptors (TAS2Rs) have been implicated in extraoral functions. Airway smooth muscle expresses TAS2Rs and is strongly relaxed by TAS2R agonists. We hypothesised that TAS2R agonists might affect vascular smooth muscle as well. Moreover, the general pharmacological profile of TAS2R agonists, which are used to investigate the functions of TAS2R׳s, are undefined. The aim of this s

The Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test is increasingly recognised as a tool for selecting and pricing biomass material for production of biogas. However, the results for the same substrate often differ between laboratories and much work to standardise such tests is still needed. In the current study, the effects from four environmental factors (i.e. ambient temperature and pressure, water va

In diagnostic nuclear medicine, the biokinetics of the radiopharmaceutical (actually of the radionuclide) is determined for a number of representative patients. At therapy, it is essential to determine the patient's individual biokinetics of the radiopharmaceutical in order to calculate the absorbed doses to critical normal organs/tissues and to the target volume(s) with high accuracy. For the dia

The HCR-20 is widely used to assess risk of violence among patients with schizophrenia. Further understanding of the accuracy and changes over time in C and R scores is needed. Using prospectively collected data on 248 men with schizophrenia, the present study found that the HCR-20 significantly predicted aggressive behavior over 24 months. The H, C, R, HCR-20 total, and final risk judgment scores

Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) fluctuate in conjunction with motor oscillations in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), though little is known about the variability of NMS fluctuations in individual patients. We aimed to assess within-patient variability in frequency and severity of NMS during a series of five patient-perceived motor On and Off periods in 38 fluctuating PD patients from the multicenter Non

Aggregation of amyloid-beta is one of the major characteristics in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although several mechanisms behind the formation of such aggregates have been suggested the regulatory factors are still unknown. The present study aimed at investigating the association of lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) polymorphisms with AD diagnosis and cerebrospinal fluid biomarke

Current forest Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) experiments are reaching completion. Therefore, it is time to define the scientific goals and priorities of future experimental facilities. In this opinion article, we discuss the following three overarching issues (i) What are the most urgent scientific questions and how can they be addressed? (ii) What forest ecosystems should be investigated? (iii)

Retinal transplantation experiments have advanced considerably during recent years, but remaining diseased photoreceptor cells in the host retina and inner retinal cells in the transplant physically obstruct the development of graft-host neuronal contacts which are required for vision. Recently, we developed methods for the isolation of donor photoreceptor layers in vitro, and the selective remova

Abstract in UndeterminedSelective retrieval of a specific target memory often leads to the forgetting of related but irrelevant memories. Current cognitive theory states that such retrieval-induced forgetting arises due to inhibition of competing memory traces. To date, however, direct neural evidence for this claim has not been forthcoming. Studies on selective attention suggest that cortical inh

Pathological pain is one of the most common neurological complications in HIV-1/AIDS patients. However, the pathogenic process is unclear. Our recent studies show that Wnt5a is up-regulated in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) of the HIV patients who develop pain and that HIV-1 gp120, a potential causal factor of the HIV-associated pain, rapidly up-regulates Wnt5a in the mouse SDH. Using a mouse model,

Under det senaste decenniet har en rad kvinnliga författare kommit att bli framgångsrika inom den svenska deckargenren. Det vanliga epitetet ”deckardrottning” vittnar om att framgången står i relation till en offentlig och medialiserad version av författarskapen, där den kvinnliga erfarenheten spelar en betydande roll. Liza Marklund och Camilla Läckberg är de två bland dessa författarskap som skap

This study examines 24-month post-baseline outcomes for a RCT study of Swedish antisocial youths who received either treatment in multidimensional treatment foster care (MTFC) or treatment as usual (TAU). MTFC, a community-based treatment program, has successfully treated chronic juvenile offenders in the USA This study is the second randomized control study in Sweden that includes MTFC. Compared

The blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) is a common Palearctic migratory warbler, and haemosporidian parasites are common in this species. However, genetic and phenotypic diversity of haemosporidians in warblers has been insufficiently investigated and poorly linked. We addressed this issue by combining molecular and microscopy data for detection of pigment-forming haemosporidians of the genera Haemopro

We report on the solar-light-mediated degradation of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) and triethyl phosphate (TEP) on hematite and goethite nanoparticles in synthetic air. Adsorption and photoreactions of TMP and TEP were studied by in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) on dry and water-precovered nanoparticles in dark and under simulated solar light irradiation. Tw

In spite of frequent discussions of misuse and misunderstanding of probability values (P-values) they still appear in most scientific publications, and the disadvantages of erroneous and simplistic P-value interpretations grow with the number of scientific publications. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage prefer confidence intervals. This is a brief discussion of problems surrounding P-values and confide

A straightforward natural iterative heuristic for correlation clustering in the general setting is to start from singleton clusters and whenever merging two clusters improves the current quality score merge them into a single cluster. We analyze the approximation and complexity aspects of this heuristic and its randomized variant where two clusters to merge are chosen uniformly at random among clu

P>Aims Impaired sensory function in the sole of the foot in diabetic patients is a substantial problem caused by unknown mechanisms. Hand or foot sensibility can be improved by cutaneous anaesthesia of the forearm or lower leg, respectively, in healthy subjects. Hypothetically, cutaneous anaesthesia induces a silent area in the primary somatosensory cortex, allowing adjacent cortical areas to expa

We investigate structural and thermodynamic properties of surface-grafted layers of model "bottle-brush" polymers by Monte Carlo simulation. The polymers consist of a longer main chain densely grafted with shorter side chains, of which the latter have some degree of affinity to the surface. Our focus is on the effect of the side-chain surface affinity on the brush properties, which we study in ter

This article contributes to knowledge about learning in workgroups, so called microcultures in higher education. It argues that socially constructed and institutionalised traditions, recurrent practices, and tacit assumptions in the various microcultures influence academic teachers towards certain behaviour. In line with this perspective, we present a heuristic with the potential to differentiate