The available energy (AE), driving the turbulent fluxes of sensible heat and latent heat at the earth surface, was estimated at four partly complex coniferous forest sites across Europe (Tharandt, Germany; Ritten/Renon, Italy; Wetzstein, Germany; Norunda, Sweden). Existing data of net radiation were used as well as storage change rates calculated from temperature and humidity measurements to final

Carbonyl compounds formed in sea buckthorn berry (Hippophae rhamnoides) and oil samples as a result of lipid oxidation were determined by enzymatic hydrolysis followed by derivatisation with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and analysed by LC-UV and electrospray ionisation (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Several classes of carbonyl compounds such as saturated, unsaturated, linear and branched al

Purpose: Prostate specific antigen velocity has been proposed as a marker to aid in prostate cancer detection. We determined whether prostate specific antigen velocity could predict repeat biopsy results in men with persistently increased prostate specific antigen after initial negative biopsy. Materials and Methods: We identified 1,837 men who participated in the Goteborg or Rotterdam section of

The possibilities of the use of structural reliability analysis in concrete dam design and assessment is investigated in Sweden. For such analysis, statistical descriptions of the loads and resistances are necessary. Uplift pressure has a large impact on safety, and is difficult to quantify. This paper describes the methodology of a geostatistical approach to simulate the uplift pressure, and an e

Abstract in Undeterminedhis survey deals with computational complexity of column generation problems arising in the design of survivable communication networks. Such problems are often modeled as linear programs based on noncompact multicommodity flow network formulations. These formulations involve an exponential number of path-flow variables, and therefore require column generation to be solved

Leadership is generally viewed as important and beneficial for individuals as well as organizations. The term, however, also implies followership and the targets for leadership may be less enthusiastic about adopting a follower position. From a follower’s point of view, there might be downsides associated with a leadership/followership relationship, including negative effects on identity and reduc

Abstract The chloroplast-localized NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTRC) has been found to be able to reduce hydrogen peroxide scavenging 2-Cys peroxiredoxins. We show that the Arabidopsis ntrc mutant is perturbed in chlorophyll biosynthesis and accumulate intermediates preceding protochlorophyllide formation. A specific involvement of NTRC during biosynthesis of protochlorophyllide is indi

The pains Macrocarpaea (Griseb.) Gilg (Gentianaceae. Helieae) is among the largest woody genera of tropical gentians, with most of its species occurring in the wet mountainous forest., of the Andes. Phylogenetic and dispersal-vicariance analyses (DIVA) of 57 of the 105 currently recognized species in the genus. Using two data sets front nuclear DNA (ITS and 5S-NTS sequences) and morphology. show i

Background: Ischemic postconditioning (PostC), reperfusion in brief cycles, is known to induce short-term reduction in infarct size in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), especially among those with large myocardium at risk (MaR). The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term effect of PostC on infarct size and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Method

Solar cells based on conjugated polymer and fullerene blends have been developed as a low-cost alternative to silicon. For efficient solar cells, electron-hole pairs must separate into free mobile charges that can be extracted in high yield. We still lack good understanding of how, why and when carriers separate against the Coulomb attraction. Here we visualize the charge separation process in bul

Background The metabolic syndrome (MetS) may contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We examined the association between MetS and disease activity, disease phenotype and corticosteroid exposure over time in patients with SLE. Methods Recently diagnosed (< 15 months) patients with SLE from 30 centres across 11 countries were enrolled into the Systemic

Peptide and protein interactions with (lipo)polysaccharides are important in various biological contexts, including lipoprotein deposition at proteoglycan-covered endothelial surfaces in atherosclerosis, lectin functionality, and the interaction of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory peptides and proteins with (lipo)polysaccharides. The latter of these areas, which is the topic of this review, has

Tumor development requires angiogenesis and anti-angiogenic therapies have been introduced in the treatment of cancer. In this context, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) emerge as interesting targets, owing to their function as co-receptors of major, pro-angiogenic factors. Accordingly, previous studies have suggested anti-tumor effects of heparin, i.e. over-sulfated HS, and various heparin mi

OBJECTIVE: Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a peripheral arterial disease manifested by drastically diminished blood flow to the legs, pain at rest, nonhealing wounds, and gangrene caused by atherosclerosis. Significant tissue necrosis is associated with late stage CLI and the patients have a poor prognosis. Necrotic and apoptotic cells activate complement and bind complement inhibitor C4b-binding

We propose simple estimation of the location parameter for a density that is unbounded at the mode. The estimator maximizes a modified likelihood in which the singular term in the full likelihood is left out, whenever the parameter value approaches a neighborhood of the singularity location. The consistency and super-efficiency of this maximum leave-one-out likelihood estimator is shown through a

In this work we present a fully integrated Radio-Fiber interface implemented in 65nm CMOS, intended for remote antenna units (RAUs) in distributed antenna systems. To relax the requirements on the optical components, an intermediate frequency (IF) signal (100MHz) is transmitted over the multi-mode fiber, which is then up-converted to 2.2GHz inside the RAU. Local Oscillator (LO) signals to the mixe

Thin layers of GaMnAs ferromagnetic semiconductor grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAS(001) substrates were studied. To improve their magnetic properties the post-growth annealing procedures were applied, using the surface passivation layers of amorphous arsenic. This post-growth treatment effectively increases the ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition temperature in GaMnAs, and provid

Popular Abstract in Swedish Alexitymi, stress, depression, kortisol och diabetes Alexitymi är ett relativt nytt begrepp som konstruerades 1973 av en psykoanalytiker vid namn Sifnoes, och betyder ordagrant ”inga ord för känslor”. Alexitymi innebär framförallt svårigheter att känna igen och beskriva känslor, och dessutom svårigheter att skilja kroppsliga uttryck för känslor från sjukdomssymptom. ManThis thesis explores links between psyche and soma in diabetes and in chronic benign pain (CBP). Interventions with Affect School and Script Analysis (ASSA) compared to Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT) are tried. In a feasibility and treatment efficacy study we offered ASSA to 59 patients with CBP, and 54 (92%) completed. Alexithymia prevalence went from 33% to 11% (p = 0.013), depression from

Impregnation behaviors of reverse-phase silica materials and C18-silica HPLC columns were studied using di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) as a model extractant. Initially, the adsorption efficiency of the ligand on different types of bulk particles was investigated using various concentration of HDEHP in different composition of methanol/water mixtures based on a batch technique. Subsequent