Neuromodulators, such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and noradrenalin, play an essential role in regulating the motor and sensory functions in the spinal cord. We have previously shown that in the rat spinal cord the activity of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) cells to produce 5-HT from its precursor (5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-HTP) is dramatically increased following complete spi

Since the 1990s, vigorous debate concerning a number of key issues has taken place within the study of Chinese nationalism. Scholars have tended to differentiate between diverse types of nationalism. For example, many studies distinguish between a malign nationalism on the one hand and a benign patriotism on the other. The strongest evidence for such a distinction can be found in survey research,

The article discusses the background to the erection of the huge church tower in Bjälbo, Östergötland, Sweden. It also focuses on medieval women as founders of churches. The author maintains that new dendrochronological dating of the tower could mean that founder of this building piece was not one of the male members of the important Bjälbo dynasty, but Ingrid Ylva the mother of Birger Jarl.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Sambanden mellan kostens sammansättning och risk för hjärt-kärlsjukdom är i många fall oklara. En kost rik på fleromättade fettsyror har ansetts kunna ge skydd mot hjärt-kärlsjukdom, men resultaten från olika studier är motstridiga. En anledning till detta kan vara för att man inte har tagit hänsyn till de genetiska skillnader som finns mellan individer. Omega-3 och oIn previous studies, a high quality diet has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to a low diet quality, and specific “healthy” diet components, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), have been hypothesized to reduce the risk of CVD. However, results from epidemiological studies have been conflicting. This may be due to individuals having varied geneti

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen fokuserar på tillämpningen av lagen (1993:387) om stöd och service till vissa funktionshindrade (LSS) och skillnaden mellan law in books och law in action. De empiriska studierna har sin metodologiska grund i samhällsvetenskaplig teori. Studierna har gjorts vid tre arenor som uppvisar parallella normbildningsprocesser. De tre arenorna är kommuner, FörsäkrinThe focus of this study is on the application of the Swedish Act concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments (LSS), and the gap between law in books and law in action. The methodology of the thesis involves empirical studies founded in social science theory. The study involves three arenas of public authorities with parallel norm creating processes, represented b

Objective To examine disease activity versus treatment as lymphoma risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods We performed case-cohort analyses within a multisite SLE cohort. Cancers were ascertained by regional registry linkages. Adjusted HRs for lymphoma were generated in regression models, for time-dependent exposures to immunomodulators (cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotr

High expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is associated with poor prognosis in patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), the most common malignancy of the kidney. The miR-34a has been shown to directly regulate Axl in cancer cells. The miR-34a is a mediator of p53-dependent tumor suppression, and low expression of miR-34a has been associated with worse prognosis in several cancers. Our a

Background: Dietary fiber, carbohydrate quality and quantity are associated with mortality risk in the general population. Whether this is also the case among diabetes patients is unknown. Objective: To assess the associations of dietary fiber, glycemic load, glycemic index, carbohydrate, sugar, and starch intake with mortality risk in individuals with diabetes. Methods: This study was a prospecti

Background:Although it is well known that extrahepatic cholestasis induces liver damage, the mechanisms are still not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of platelets and P-selectin in cholestasis-induced liver injury.Experimental approach:C57BL/6 mice underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) and pretreatment with an anti-GP1balpha antibody, which depletes platel

We have previously demonstrated an association between neonatal phototherapy and/or neonatal icterus and risk of hospitalization for childhood asthma. This study included children who were prescribed anti-asthmatic medication on a population basis to study exposures during the foetal and neonatal period and risk of childhood asthma. The Swedish Medical Birth Register was linked to the Swedish Pres

Abstract Serum amyloid P component (SAP) belongs to the pentraxin family of proteins. SAP is evolutionary conserved, and involved in amyloidosis, innate immunity, inflammation, and apoptosis. We have previously described SAP in the male reproductive tract, where it occurs in seminal fluid, on spermatozoa, and in epididymal, seminal vesicle, and prostate tissue. In the present investigation, our ai

Syftet med denna rättssociologiskt inriktade artikel är att beskriva och problematisera lag-stiftnings- och regleringsprocesser av skolans uppdrag med fokus på miljö och hållbar ut-veckling, och samtidigt beskrivs den historiska bakgrunden för denna tematik 1990-2011. Vi tolkar de rättsliga och politiska skeendena och de involverade institutionerna i ett teoretiskt, historiesociologiskt perspektiv

The CXCR1 receptor and chemokine CXCL8 (IL-8) support neutrophil-dependent clearance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli from the urinary tract. CXCR1 is reduced in children prone to pyelonephritis, and heterozygous hCXCR1 polymorphisms are more common in this patient group than in healthy individuals, strongly suggesting a disease association. Since murine CXCR2 (mCXCR2) is functionally similar to

In order to study further the long-range correlations ("ridge") observed recently in p + Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV, the second-order azimuthal anisotropy parameter of charged particles, v(2), has been measured with the cumulant method using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 1 mu b(-1), the parameter v(2) has been

Stratagems adopted by democratic leaders to try to insinuate, or anchor, a preferred course of action into the larger collective will have a variety of repercussions. Beyond the apparent success of the venture itself, the long-term integrity of the democratic fabric may be at stake if simmering rancour and discontent is left unheeded. These questions would seem particularly pertinent when studyi