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Experiments performed in a lab are often considered generali- zable over both people and social settings. The problems with generalizing over different groups of people are well known, but it is only recently that changes in behavior depending on thesocial setting have been examined. Large changes in behavior can be seen in trivial cognitive tasks, depending on whether the participant is alone or
Popular Abstract in Swedish SAMMANFATTNING (SUMMARY IN SWEDISH) Jod är nödvändigt för utvecklingen och hälsan hos alla högre djur inklusive männi-ska, men det är ett relativt sällsynt grundämne. Man får i sig jod via kosten och det högsta jodinnehållet har fisk och skaldjur eftersom havssalt innehåller jod. Jod finns även i mejeriprodukter och i mindre mängder i grönsaker, men jodinnehållet i dessABSTRACT Background: Iodine is essential for development and growth as a constituent in thyroid hormones. Biological mechanisms for iodide uptake and concentration are very important, espe-cially as iodine is a relatively scarce element. Active iodide transport into thyroid fol-licular cells is mediated by the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS), powered by Na+/K+-ATPase. NIS is expressed also in extra
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Evidence from prospective studies is consistent in showing an inverse association between dietary fibre intake and risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), but whether dietary fibre from various food sources differ in their effect on IHD risk is less clear. The objective of this study was to assess the associations of total and food sources of dietary fibre with IHD mortality
The process of an ultrahigh vacuum annealing of a diamond-like carbon film deposited on a silicon substrate has been studied in situ using a photoemission microscope mounted at the MAX-lab synchrotron's radiation source. After the annealing the film was examined ex situ using an atomic force microscope. It is revealed that the graphitization of the film occurs and round formations of several micro
Popular Abstract in Swedish Studier har visat att inte bara individer med diabetes utan ocksa de som har forstadier till diabetes, namligen forhojt fasteblodsocker och nedsatt glukostolerans, loper en okad risk for att drabbas av saval hjartkarlsjukdom som hjartsvikt. Daremot har man sett att den okade risken forenad med diabetes verkar minska med aldern. Studier pa aldre individer ar dock sparsamThe risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and heart failure (HF) among individuals with diabetes is at least two times greater than in non-diabetic subjects. However, the excess risk of CVD in diabetic subjects seems to decrease with age. As the majority of patients with diabetes, CVD and HF are elderly it is important to establish the extent to which the associations between these conditions diffe
Background: The goal of clinical computed tomography (CT) is to produce images of diagnostic quality using the lowest possible radiation exposure. Degradation of image quality, with increased image noise and reduced spatial resolution, is a major limitation for radiation dose reduction in CT. This can be counteracted with new post-processing image filters and iterative reconstruction (IR) algorith
The life cycle cost (LCC) of the heating, cooling and ventilation system was simulated for a typical cell office building, multi-family dwelling and detached house. Different ventilations systems were simulated resulting in different heating and cooling system designs. A health-related cost dependent on the airflow rate which was based on recent studies was added to the LCC for the dwellings as we
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs and is commonly proposed to be of autoimmune origin. Although the clinical presentation of human type 1 diabetes (T1D) and canine diabetes are similar, the aetiologies may differ. The aim of this study was to investigate if autoimmune aetiology resembling human T1D is as prevalent in dogs as previously reported.
Little is known about risk/protective factors for sexually coercive behavior in general population youth. We used a Swedish school-based population survey of sexual attitudes and experiences (response rate 77%) and investigated literature-based variables across sexually coercive (SEX), non-sexual conduct problem (CP), and normal control (NC) participants to identify general and specific risk/prote
BACKGROUND: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) can be seen in as many as 30% to 50% of the elderly population as well as in dementia. OH is part of the autonomic dysfunction in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and prevalent in the majority of these patients. It is also suggested to be a negative prognostic factor for survival in DLB. A detailed interpretation of the 10-minute orthostatic blood pressure m
An exact description of the interactions in aromatic carbon systems is a key condition for the design of carbon based nanomaterials. In this paper we investigate the binding and adsorbate structure of the simplest prototype system in this class the single aromatic ring molecule benzene on graphite. We have collected neutron diffraction data of the ordered phase of deuterated benzene, C6D6, adsorbe
The deposition of TiOx (x <= 2) structures on Au(111) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) has been investigated with high-resolution core level photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Using titanium tetra-isopropoxide as single source precursor it is possible to form different TiOx phases on the surf
We present a consistent way of combining associated weak boson radiation in hard dijet events with hard QCD radiation in Drell-Yan-like scatterings. This integrates multiple tree-level calculations with vastly different cross sections, QCD- and electroweak parton-shower resummation into a single framework. The new merging strategy is implemented in the PYTHIA event generator and predictions are co
Infection with the Gram-negative pathogen Prevotella intermedia gives rise to periodontitis and a growing number of studies implies an association of P. intermedia with rheumatoid arthritis. The serine protease Factor I (FI) is the central inhibitor of complement degrading complement components C3b and C4b in the presence of cofactors such as C4b-binding protein (C4BP) and Factor H (FH). Yet, the
There is limited evidence on the association between dietary folate intake and the risk of breast cancer (BC) by hormone receptor expression in the tumors. We investigated the relationship between dietary folate and BC risk using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). A total of 367993 women age 35 to 70 years were recruited in 10 European countries. Dur
Pyramidal metamaterials are currently developed for ultra-broadband absorbers. They consist of periodic arrays of alternating metal/dielectric layers forming truncated square-based pyramids. The metallic layers of increasing lengths play the role of vertically and, to a less extent, laterally coupled plasmonic resonators. Based on detailed numerical simulations, we demonstrate that plasmon hybridi
