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OBJECTIVES: Early diagnostic separation between glioblastoma (GBM) and solitary metastases (MET) is important for patient management but remains challenging when based on imaging only. The objective of this study was to assess whether amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) MRI alone or combined with dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI parameters, including cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebra

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases is inherently inefficient, prompting ongoing efforts to enhance the output of coherent table-top XUV sources. In this study, we investigate the influence of the laser pulse duration on HHG using a compact post-compression method featuring a bulk multi-pass cell. This setup enables tunable Fourier-limited pulse durations as short as 42 fs. We examine th

This article explores the evolving legal landscape of environmental protection in armed conflict, emphasizing the critical contributions of the icrc Environmental Guidelines and the principles developed by the International Law Commission’s (ilc) on Protection of the Environment in relation to Armed Conflict (perac principles). By incorporating scientific insights and increasing environmental awar

Medieklimatet påverkar inte bara hur politiken kommuniceras utan också vilken politik som formuleras. Kanske är det vi ser i Vita huset medialiseringens logiska slutpunkt: politik som helt underordnad algoritmerna, en ständigt eskalerande reality-show.

Background, Motivation, and ObjectiveThe demand for tissue-mimicking materials (TMMs) is increasing alongside the advancement of hybrid imaging such as photoacoustic imaging (PAI). Developing suitable TMMs for PAI is challenging due to the need to mimic both optical and acoustic tissue properties. The TMMs with tunable properties are needed for the calibration of these imaging modalities, as well

In hospitals, IV bags can be prepared in advance for logistical and microbial safety reasons in a compounding unit and then transported to wards. Transport of protein drugs using a pneumatic tube system has been reported to result in high particle levels. In this study, pneumatic tube transport of trastuzumab in saline polyolefin bags was compared to delivery by hospital porters using an electric

Protein drugs, such as therapeutic antibodies, are complex and require careful handling to maintain their efficacy and quality. Stress factors in hospitals, like temperature variations and mechanical shocks during transport, may negatively impact the stability of protein drugs (e.g. various monoclonal antibodies). The pharmaceutical industry possesses extensive knowledge about their product formul

This study reveals specific ion effects on particle formation during peristaltic pumping of a monoclonal Antibody (Antibody A). For this purpose, three anions in the direct Hofmeister series were selected, ranging from the kosmotropic SO42- to the more neutral Cl- and the chaotropic SCN-. Protein particle formation during peristaltic pumping is described primarily as a surface-driven mechanism. Th

Biological drugs intended for multidose use normally contain both preservatives and non-ionic surfactants. However, most common preservatives and surfactants in parenteral formulations are considered to be physically incompatible with each other. In this study, the phase separation of polysorbate 20 and polysorbate 80 in the presence of phenolic preservatives is systematically mapped. The observed

This study explores how Swedish preachers incorporate AI chats such as ChatGPT into sermon preparation. Based on interviews, chat logs, and sermon manuscripts from six priests in the Church of Sweden, the study uses relevance theory to analyse the preachers' prompting and evaluation strategies. The preachers primarily use large language models (LLMs) for brainstorming and inspiration, critically eThis study explores how Swedish preachers incorporate AI chats such as ChatGPT into sermon preparation. Based on interviews, chat logs, and sermon manuscripts from six priests in the Church of Sweden, the study uses relevance theory to analyse the preachers' prompting and evaluation strategies. The preachers primarily use large language models (LLMs) for brainstorming and inspiration, critically e

This study investigates seasonal changes in near-surface wind speeds in the Arctic using the regional climate model (RCM) simulations with RCA4 driven by four global climate models (GCMs) CMIP5 under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. In addition, the RCM RCA-GUESS (RCA4 with interactive vegetation dynamics) is used to investigate the role of biogeophysical feedback

Due to ongoing climate change, methane (CH4) emissions from vegetated wetlands are projected to increase during the 21st century, challenging climate mitigation efforts aimed at limiting global warming. However, despite reports of rising emission trends, a comprehensive evaluation and attribution of recent changes remains limited. Here we assessed global wetland CH4 emissions from 2000-2020 based

Recovery time, referring to the duration that an ecosystem needs to return to its pre-drought condition, is a fundamental indicator of ecological resilience. Recently, flash droughts – characterised by rapid onset and development – have gained increasing attention. Nevertheless, the spatiotemporal patterns in gross primary productivity (GPP) recovery time and the factors influencing it remain larg

This review examines the hidden and invisible labor humans perform to enable robots to function as agents within Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). While robot agency is often framed as internal and autonomous, this perspective overlooks the relational dynamics that sustain robot functionality in real-world settings. Drawing on feminist theory, the review highlights how humans frequently share the res

BACKGROUND: Statins have been suggested to protect against breast cancer risk, but the observational evidence is inconclusive. We examined the association between statin use and breast cancer incidence among women at higher risk of breast cancer due to a history of benign breast disease (BBD).METHODS: Using Danish registries, we identified cancer-free women aged ≥50 years during 1996-2018 with a h

Lead-free metal halide perovskites are emerging as less-toxic alternatives to their lead-based counterparts. However, their applicability in optoelectronic devices is limited, and the charge transport dynamics remain poorly understood. Understanding photo-induced charge and structural dynamics is critical for unlocking the potential of these novel systems. In this work, ultrafast optical and Raman

A growing body of observations has revealed rapid changes in both the total inventory and the distribution of marine oxygen over the latter half of the 20th century, leading to increased interest in extending oxygenation records into the past. The use of paleo-oxygen proxies has the potential to extend the spatial and temporal range of current records, constrain pre-anthropogenic baselines, provid

Europe is confronted with a multiple crisis while coming to grips with its colonial legacy. Given the lack of empirical evidence for sufficient absolute decoupling of gross domestic product (GDP) growth from environmental resource use to stay within planetary limits and meet the Paris climate goals, this article argues that it is unavoidable for the European Union (EU) to enter the postgrowth era