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The strategies, decisions and beliefs of those who occupy prominent positions of economic power have influence on very large corporations and the markets they dominate, on vast amounts of economic resources, and on the rules of the game. However, the sociology of elites faces a dual challenge: divergent conceptualisations of what can be considered as a position of economic power and internationall
Terahertz pulses generated by two-color laser plasmas have reported peak field strengths exceeding MV/cm, and when illuminating metal nanotips, the near-field enhancement at the tip apex should result in extremely high bunch charges and electron energies via sub-cycle cold-field emission. Here, electron emission from tungsten nanotips driven by THz pulses generated by a long filament air-plasma is
Background: While recent studies suggest a high prevalence of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) in child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) clinics, little is known about the factors contributing to problematic gaming among these patients. Given the well-established role of parenting and parent-child relationships in the development of problem behaviors, this study aimed to explore parent-child relation
The Internet of Things (IoT) can be defined as the network of physical objects, or "things,"embedded with sensors and software for processing and exchanging data with other devices and ecosystems using the Internet as a medium. With its rapid growth over the past decade, it has permeated several application domains, including intelligent vehicular systems. The Internet of Autonomous Vehicles (IoAV
Industrial symbiosis (IS) holds significant potential to reduce resource consumption and improve economic efficiency within process industries. Previous studies have shown that innovative solutions play an important role in advancing IS. However, the role of policy instruments promoting innovation has not yet been systematically analysed in relation to industrial symbiosis. This study takes a deep
Cerebral accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αSyn) aggregates is the hallmark event in a group of neurodegenerative diseases—collectively called synucleinopathies—which include Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy. Currently, these are diagnosed by their clinical symptoms and definitively confirmed postmortem by the presence of αSyn deposits in the brain. Here, w
Objectives: Positive resection margins after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) most often demands a repeat surgery. To preoperatively identify patients at risk of positive margins, a multivariable model has been developed that predicts positive margins after BCS with a high accuracy. This study aimed to externally validate this prediction model to explore its generalizability and assess if additiona
Background: The Prostatype score (P-score) is a prognostic biomarker that integrates a three-gene (IGFBP3, F3, and VGLL3) signature derived from prostate biopsy samples, with key clinical parameters, including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, Gleason grade, and tumor stage at diagnosis. The test has demonstrated superior predictive accuracy for prostate cancer outcomes compared with traditi
Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows:. To assess the benefits and harms of dexmedetomidine compared with opioids, non-opioids and placebo in providing sedation and analgesia for procedural pain in newborn infants.
Background: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is an inherited bleeding disorder caused by deficient or dysfunctional von Willebrand factor (VWF). VWF replacement therapy is indicated in VWD management. Methods: This systematic review was conducted to evaluate all available evidence of the efficacy, safety, dosing and consumption of pasteurized plasma-derived human coagulation FVIII/human VWF (pdVWF/FVI
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry biological information from their parent cell to other cells in the body. To intercept and decipher this information necessitates the isolation of EVs from complex backgrounds such as blood or spinal fluid. Acoustic trapping has been previously demonstrated as a promising technique for EV isolation from cell media, blood plasma and urine. The acoustic fields stru
Group A Streptococcus (GAS; Streptococcus pyogenes) is an important bacterial pathogen causing over 700 million superficial infections and around 500.000 deaths due to invasive disease or severe post-infection sequelae yearly. In spite of this major impact on society, there is currently no vaccine available against this bacterium. GAS strains can be separated into >250 distinct emm (M)-types, and
This study explored whether authoritarian or authoritative parenting practices for adolescents would mediate the association between involvement in bullying and severe forms of violent behaviors. Cross-sectional data were collected from a matched sample of 120 African-American adolescents, ages 13–24 (Mage = 14.79 years, 27.5% boys), and their caregivers. The survey included self-report measures o
Two synchrotron-based studies on 4H-pyran-4-thione, photoelectron spectroscopy and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) absorption spectra were performed. A highly resolved structure was observed in the photoelectron spectrum (PES), in contrast to an earlier PES study, where little structure was observed. The sequence of ionic states was determined using configuration interaction and coupled cluster methods.
Background: COPD management is guided by the respiratory symptom burden, assessed using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale, the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), or both. Research Question: What are the abilities of mMRC and CAT to detect abnormally high exertional breathlessness on incremental cardiopulmonary cycle exercise testing (CPET) in people with COPD? Study Design and Methods: A
Recent advances in 3D printing have enabled fabrication of architected functional ceramics with tunable functionalities at reduced weight and cost. An essential cornerstone of materials design is to determine structure–property relations. For polycrystalline ferroelectrics, such relationships can be complex due to several microscopic mechanisms, such as lattice strains and/or domain switching, whi
Lignin has emerged as a sustainable alternative to fossil-based polymers in advanced materials such as photonics. However, current methods for preparing photonic lignin materials are limited by non-benign organic solvents and low production yields. In this work, we present a highly efficient process that enables the production of photonic glasses with yields ranging from 48% to 72%, depending on t
Cryptic genetic differentiation is being increasingly documented in birds and other organisms using genome-wide variation. A recent example of cryptic genetic differentiation in a widespread species with conserved morphology is the northern house wren Troglodytes aedon. We found that, despite extremely similar morphology and no documented vocal differences, the two subspecies of the northern house
This study investigates the requirements for estimating CO2 emissions at the country scale using observational data from the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) atmosphere network, taking Italy as a case study. In particular, we explore the potential expansion of Italy’s current atmospheric ICOS network by identifying additional existing and future stations that would most effectively impr
A continental-type glacial flood termed the Suwałki megafloods took place in NE Poland during the last glaciation and significantly transformed the proglacial area. This study aims, for the first time, to establish the chronology of this flood. Twenty-two sediment samples from two meltwater spillways were dated by optically stimulated luminescence. Sixteen ages from the flood megadunes are between
