Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are a group of compounds formed when protein-rich foods, such as meat or fish, are prepared under normal cooking conditions, such as frying, grilling, or broiling. To evaluate and estimate the risks associated with HCAs contained in the diet, it is important to determine the levels in cooked foods, and the levels of HCAs and metabolites in the body. HCAs are normally fou

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate whether preoperative infiltration with ropivacaine in conjunction with breast surgery improves postoperative pain management and attenuates postoperative nausea and vomiting. Method: Prospective, randomised, double-blind study, including 60 healthy women (ASA 1–2) allocated to one of two groups. Thirty patients were given 0.3 ml/kg saline in the o

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of stent-graft design and operator skills on outcomes after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred sixty-four patients (mean age 71 years) underwent stent-graft repair. Patients were treated with four different types of stent-graft: first-generation (n = 58) and second-generation (n = 17) Ivancev-Malm

BACKGROUND: The objective of the present study was to optimize conditions for retroviral transduction of human cord blood (CB) CD34+ cells and to reveal mechanisms which interfere with efficient gene transfer. METHODS: An MSCV based retroviral vector with the gene for enhanced green fluorescent protein (MGIN) produced by GP+envAM12 (amphotropic envelope), PG13 (gibbon ape leukemia virus envelope)

We have examined the effects of three macrophagederived cytokines, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-01 (TGF-01) and interleukin-1 a (IL-la) on the contraction of collagen type I gels populated by human foreskin fibroblasts. Contraction was quantified as loss in gel weight. Both PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB were found to induce a rapid collagen-gel contraction. TGF-/J1 also

The ISOLDE RIB-facility at CERN has today been producing a vast range of radioactive beams since more than 30 years. The low-energy beams of ISOLDE will be complemented by a post-accelerator, REX-ISOLDE, currently being assembled. In order to convert the pseudo-DC, singly-charged beam from the ISOLDE mass separators into a cooled and bunched beam at higher charge states, a novel scheme of trapping

Treatment of haemophilia is extremely costly due to the short biological half-life of infused factor and pricing issues. This paper examines the impact of different dosing schedules on factor consumption, via a review of literature on dosing regimens used for prophylaxis with a focus on pharmacokinetics (PK). Pharmacokinetics were found to have an important role for pharmacoeconomics in factor dos

In shadow volume rendering, the shadow volume silhouette edges are used to create primitives that model the shadow volume. A common misconception is that the vertices on such silhouettes can only be connected to two silhouette edges, i.e., have degree two. Furthermore, some believe that such a vertex can have any degree. In this short note, we present a geometric proof that shows that the degree o

The basic bound on the generalisation error of a PAC learner makes the assumption that a consistent hypothesis exists. This makes it appropriate to apply the method only in the case where we have a guarantee that a consistent hypothesis can be found, something that is rarely possible in real applications. The same problem arises if we decide not to use a hypothesis unless its error is below a pres

Our aim was to compare hemiarthroplasty (HA) and osteosynthesis (OS) in the treatment of cervical hip fractures using matched-pair analysis, especially with regard to different age groups. Data concerning all hip fractures (excluding pathological fractures) at the University Hospitals of Lund in Sweden, where osteosynthesis with LIH hook-pins was used exclusively, and of Oulu in Finland, using mai

Throughout the 1990s, most rural municipalities in Sweden experienced population declines and were forced to face the constraints of an ageing population. To counter this development a significant share turned to place marketing campaigns and promotion in the hope of attracting new residents. This paper examines the campaign efforts of the Swedish rural municipalities and addresses the question of

Objective. To study degree of blood pressure (BP) control in primary healthcare (PHC) treated hypertensive patients in relation to sex, age, drug treatment, and concomitant diseases. Design. Random sample of patients with hypertension. Setting. Ten PHC centres in the Region of Skane, Sweden. Subjects. All the 30- to 95-year-old patients with hypertension who during the period 12 September to 24 Se

Swifts, Apus apus, spend the night aloft and this offers an opportunity to test the degree of adaptability of bird orientation and flight to different ecological situations. We predicted the swifts' behaviour by assuming that they are adapted to minimize energy expenditure during the nocturnal flight and during a compensatory homing flight if they become displaced by wind. We tested the prediction

During the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) autoantibodies to IgG-Fc, citrullinated proteins, collagen type II (CII), glucose 6 phosphoisomerase (G6PI) and some other self-antigens appear. Of these, a pathogenic effect of the anti-CII and anti-G6PI antibodies is well demonstrated using animal models. These new antibody mediated arthritis models have proven to be very useful for studies inv

Oxidative addition of the silanes R3SiH (R3= Ph3, Et3, EtMe2) to the unsaturated cluster [Os3(µ-H){µ3-Ph2PCH2PPh(C6H4)}(CO)8] leads to the saturated clusters [Os3(µ-H)(SiR3)(CO)9(µ-dppm)](SiR3= SiPh31, SiEt32 and SiEtMe23) and the unsaturated clusters [Os3(µ-H)2(SiR3){µ3-Ph2PCH2PPh(C6H4)}(CO)7](SiR3= SiPh34, SiEt35 and SiEtMe26). Structures are based on spectroscopic evidence and a XRD structure o

The efficiency of trityl bromide (4) and diaryl carbenium ion precursors 5-7 in hydride abstraction from a series of cyclohexenyl molybdenum complexes (2) was investigated. The novel nonracemic hydride abstractors 14a,b were designed and prepared and were shown to effectuate hydride abstraction from prochiral substrate 15 with modest enantioselectivity.

Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) - the dramatic reduction of electrical resistivity in a magnetic field and charge ordering (CO) in rare earth manganites of the type Ln(1-x)A(x)MnO(3) [Ln: rare earth, A: divalent cation] are manifestations of the intricate relation between orbital, spin, charge and lattice degrees of freedom. Recent studies indicate that the inhomogeneous state of mixed-valence ma

The therapeutic effectiveness of boron neutron capture therapy is highly dependent on the microscopic distribution of the administered boron compound. Two boron compounds with different uptake mechanisms in the tumour cells may thus cause effects of different degrees even if the macroscopic boron concentrations in the tumour tissue are the same. This difference is normally expressed quantitatively