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On cross‐linguistic variation and measures of linguistic complexity in learner texts: Italian, French and English
The paper investigates possible effects of cross-linguistic variation on measures of syntactic complexity in 60 texts from learners of L2 English, L3 French and L4 Italian at CEFR level A and CEFR level B. A previous study by Gyllstad et al. (2014) showed significant differences between proficiency levels for two length measures of complexity in English and French, but not in Italian. In this papeThe paper investigates possible effects of cross‐linguistic variation on measures of syntactic complexity in 60 texts from Swedish L1 learners of English, French and Italian as foreign languages at CEFR level A and CEFR level B. A previous study on the same learners and texts, showed significant differences between proficiency levels for two length measures of complexity in English and French, but
Digitala medier, motoffentligheter och våldsbejakande extremism
Lessons Learnt from Past Incidents and Accidents in Radiation Oncology
Go with the flow : visually mediated flight control in bumblebees
För ungefär 350 miljoner år sedan utvecklade de första insekterna förmågan att flyga och har sedan dess dominerat våra terrestra miljöer. Trots sina pyttesmå hjärnor och avsaknad av avancerade kontrollinstrument så lyckas flygande insekter på många vis utkonkurrera modern flygteknik. Humlor och bin kan till exempel leta upp en födokälla långt ifrån sitt bo, återvända hem igen och sedan upprepa denDespite their small brains and tiny eyes, flying insects are capable of detecting and avoiding collisions with moving obstacles, and with remarkable precision they navigate through environments of different complexity. For this thesis, I have investigated how bumblebees use the pattern of apparent image motion that is generated in their eyes as they move through the world (known as optic flow), in
Wendes artilleriregemente. Lätta pjäser på språng
Bridging the floods - The role of social learning for resilience building in urban water services
The development of cities is increasingly threatened by a worldwide water crisis. Urban water services (including drinking water, sanitation and drainage) are facing complex and multiple pressures, which are becoming increasingly frequent and severe. These pressures include floods, and the depletion, pollution and degradation of water resources and their associated ecosystems. These diverse pressu
Heterozygous Vangl2Looptail mice reveal novel roles for the planar cell polarity pathway in adult lung homeostasis and repair
Lung diseases impose a huge economic and health burden worldwide. A key aspect of several adult lung diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including emphysema, is aberrant tissue repair, which leads to an accumulation of damage and impaired respiratory function. Currently, there are few effective treatments available for these disea
Noncanonical WNT-5A signaling impairs endogenous lung repair in COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. One main pathological feature of COPD is the loss of functional alveolar tissue without adequate repair (emphysema), yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly defined. Reduced WNT-β-catenin signaling is linked to impaired lung repair in COPD; however, the factors responsible for attenuating this pathway remain to be
An ex vivo model to induce early fibrosis-like changes in human precision-cut lung slices
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating chronic interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by lung tissue scarring and high morbidity. Lung epithelial injury, myofibroblast activation, and deranged repair are believed to be key processes involved in disease onset and progression, but the exact molecular mechanisms behind IPF remain unclear. Several drugs have been shown to slow dis
Reduced frizzled receptor 4 expression prevents WNT/b-catenin-driven alveolar lung repair in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), in particular emphysema, is characterized by loss of parenchymal alveolar tissue and impaired tissue repair. Wingless and INT-1 (WNT)/b-catenin signaling is reduced in COPD; however, the mechanisms thereof, specifically the role of the frizzled (FZD) family of WNT receptors, remain unexplored. Objectives: To identify and functionally charact
Impairment of immunoproteasome function by cigarette smoke and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Rationale: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in particular smokers aremore susceptible to respiratory infections contributing to acute exacerbations of disease. The immunoproteasome is a specialized type of proteasome destined to improve major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-mediated antigen presentation for the resolution of intracellular infections. Objectiv
CD11b+ and sca-1+ cells exert the main beneficial effects of systemically administered bone marrow-derivedmononuclear cells in a murinemodel of mixed Th2/Th17 allergic airway inflammation
Systemic administration of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMDMCs) or bone marrowderivedmesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) reduces inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in amurinemodel of Th2-mediated eosinophilic allergic airway inflammation. However, since BMDMCs are a heterogeneous population that includesMSCs, it is unclearwhether theMSCs alone are responsible for the BMDMC ef
Decreased laminin expression by human lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts cultured in acellular lung scaffolds from aged mice
The lung changes functionally and structurally with aging. However, age-related effects on the extracellular matrix (ECM) and corresponding effects on lung cell behavior are not well understood. We hypothesized that ECM from aged animals would induce aging-related phenotypic changes in healthy inoculated cells. Decellularized whole organ scaffolds provide a powerful model for examining how ECM cue
The global emergence of unregulated stem cell treatments for respiratory diseases : Professional societies need to act
Comparative Decellularization and Recellularization of Wild-Type and Alpha 1,3 Galactosyltransferase Knockout Pig Lungs : A Model for Ex Vivo Xenogeneic Lung Bioengineering and Transplantation
Background: A novel potential approach for lung transplantation could be to utilize xenogeneic decellularized pig lung scaffolds that are recellularized with human lung cells. However, pig tissues express several immunogenic proteins, notably galactosylated cell surface glycoproteins resulting from alpha 1,3 galactosyltransferase (α-gal) activity, that could conceivably prevent effective use. Use
A Computational Model of Cellular Engraftment on Lung Scaffolds
The possibility that stem cells might be used to regenerate tissue is now being investigated for a variety of organs, but these investigations are still essentially exploratory and have few predictive tools available to guide experimentation. We propose, in this study, that the field of lung tissue regeneration might be better served by predictive tools that treat stem cells as agents that obey ce
Heat transfer in laminar flows of extended modified power law fluids in rectangular ducts
This paper reports the results of a numerical study of the Nusselt number for the H1 and T boundary conditions in laminar, fully-developed flows of pseudoplastic and dilatant fluids in rectangular ducts. Equations for the apparent viscosity that span the entire shear rate range were utilized and the Nusselt numbers were calculated as a function of a shear rate parameter that determines the flow re
A microwave-assisted solution combustion synthesis to produce europium-doped calcium phosphate nanowhiskers for bioimaging applications
Biocompatible nanoparticles possessing fluorescent properties offer attractive possibilities for multifunctional bioimaging and/or drug and gene delivery applications. Many of the limitations with current imaging systems center on the properties of the optical probes in relation to equipment technical capabilities. Here we introduce a novel high aspect ratio and highly crystalline europium-doped c
WISP1 mediates IL-6-dependent proliferation in primary human lung fibroblasts
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease. IPF is characterized by epithelial cell injury and reprogramming, increases in (myo)fibroblasts, and altered deposition of extracellular matrix. The Wnt1-inducible signaling protein 1 (WISP1) is involved in impaired epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk in pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we aimed to further investigate