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The southern Peruvian coastal desert around Palpa, southern Peru (14.5 degrees S) is currently characterized by hyper-arid conditions. However, the presence of two species of molluscs (Scutalus, Pupoides) and desert-loess deposits indicates the past development of semi-desert and grassland ecosystems caused by a displacement of the eastern desert margin due to hydrological changes. Radiocarbon dat

In this paper, a numerical model is developed for analyzing the role of species life history and age structure for the optimal management of a commercial resident species that is exposed to an invasive species. It is shown that reproduction and mortality characteristics of both species ands age structure of the invader at the time of invasion are important for the costs of invasions when the invad

The surface structure of Pd(100) during CO oxidation was measured using a combination of a flow reactor and in situ surface X-ray diffraction coupled to a large-area 2-dimensional detector. The surface structure was measured for P-O2/P-CO ratios between 0.6 and 10 at a fixed total gas pressure of 200 mbar and a fixed CO pressure of 10 +/- 1 mbar. In conjunction with the surface structure the react

The Profiles of Occupational Engagement in people with Severe mental illness (POES) instrument was developed to study time use profiles of occupations and measure the extent they are characterized by engagement. However, the dimensional factors are not known. The aim of the present study was to establish the internal construct validity of the POES using the Rasch measurement model.

When the immigrant printer from Germany, Johan Christopher Frenckell (1719-1779), became co-owner and principal of the academic printing house in Åbo in 1765, the old competition with the Royal Finnish Printing Office in Stockholm became obvious. The privileges to print catechisms and hymnbooks in Finnish now belonged again to the university of Åbo, but the Carlbohms continued to print these best-

The hygroscopic properties play a vital role for the direct and indirect effects of aerosols on climate, as well as the health effects of particulate matter (PM) by modifying the deposition pattern of inhaled particles in the humid human respiratory tract. Hygroscopic Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (H-TDMA) instruments have been used in field campaigns in various environments globally over

In this paper, we attempt to reveal the nature of the chemical and electromagnetic mechanisms of tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS). Direct visual evidence regarding the chemical mechanism via charge transfer was obtained with charge difference density. It is found that there are several kinds of charge transfer: (1) tip to molecule, (2) surface to molecule, (3) tip and surface to molecule simul

The catalytic incorporation of CO2 into value-added chemicals to form e. g. carboxylic acids and carbonates is highly interesting due to the abundance, non-toxicity and low cost of carbon dioxide. Currently, palladium is one of the most exploited transition metals in homogeneous catalysis and its reactivity with carbon dioxide has therefore been studied to a significant extent. All work in the fie

Large-eddy simulation (LES) of mixing process in a baffled tank was presented. The impeller rotation was modeled using the sliding mesh technique In this study the CFD code was used for simulation of a standard vessel agitated by a 6-blade Rushton turbine and results were evaluated in terms of the predicted flow field, power number, mean velocity components, mixing time, turbulent kinetic energy a

Five laboratory experiments were conducted to study solute transport in the capillary fringe in a sand filled glass tank containing an artificial groundwater zone, an unsaturated zone, and a capillary fringe in between. Dye stained water, applied at the soil surface, moved downwards through the unsaturated zone and then horizontally in the capillary fringe. The horizontal velocity of the dye plume

The PHENIX Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured open-heavy-flavor production in Cu + Cu collisions at v root s(NN) = 200 GeV through the measurement of electrons at midrapidity that originate from semileptonic decays of charm and bottom hadrons. In peripheral Cu + Cu collisions an enhanced production of electrons is observed relative to p + p collisions scaled by the n

Three mononuclear metal complexes, [{PO2((NHPy)-Py-2)(2)}(2)M] [Py-2 - 2-pyridyl; M - Zn (1), Ni (2), Co (3)], have been synthesized by reacting metal nitrates with tetrakis(2-pyridylamino)phosphonium chloride, [P((NHPy)-Py-2)(4)]Cl, under solvothermal reaction conditions. The ligand, [P((NHPy)-Py-2)(4)]Cl, is hydrolyzed in the reaction medium. All of the complexes are isostructural and show an oc

The Pd atom in the title compound, [Pd(CHP)Cl], has a distorted square-planar CClP coordination geometry with the ,,'-tridentate ligand forming two five-membered metallacycles. The cyclo-hexane ring is aligned with the Pd coordination plane due to C-H activation in an equatorial position, giving a tri-equatorial conformation of the cyclo-hexyl ring.

Dasatinib, a broad-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), predominantly targets BCR-ABL and SRC oncoproteins and also inhibits off-target kinases, which may result in unexpected drug responses. We identified 22 patients with marked lymphoproliferation in blood while on dasatinib therapy. Clonality and immunophenotype were analyzed and related clinical information was collected. An abrupt lympho