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Synergies between large-scale environmental changes, such as climate change(1) and increased humic content (brownification)(2), will have a considerable impact on future aquatic ecosystems. On the basis of modelling, monitoring and experimental data, we demonstrate that community responses to global change are determined by food-chain length and that the top trophic level, and every second level b
In this paper we demonstrate that the Monte Carlo simulation package McStas is a useful tool, not only for instrument design, but also for resolution function calculation. It has been possible to determine analytically the 4 dimensional resolution function of both a direct geometry time of flight neutron spectrometer and a triple axis spectrometer. The obtained resolution functions are directly co
Introduction: Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is present in 5% of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles in plasma. It is a carrier of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is important for vascular barrier protection. The aim was to determine the plasma concentrations of apoM during sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and correlate them to levels of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA1), apol
In this work, a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics study is reported of an n-heptane combustion event and the associated soot formation process in a constant volume combustion chamber. The key interest here is to evaluate the sensitivity of the chemical kinetics and submodels of a semi-empirical soot model in predicting the associated events. Numerical computation is performed using an o
I propose a new index, the b-index, to measure the performance of funds and fund managers. A fund or fund manager has a b-index equal to b if b is the highest number for which it holds that the fund/fund manager has returned more than b% at least b years throughout the history of the fund/fund manager.
Background:To evaluate the relationships between postnatal change in circulatory insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations, brain volumes, and developmental outcome at 2 years of age in very preterm infants.Methods:IGF-I was measured weekly and nutritional intake was calculated daily from birth until a postmenstrual age (PMA) of 35 weeks. Individual beta coefficients for IGF-I, IGF-I(B)
In order to systematically improve the performance of anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) for alkaline fuel cells, a series of poly(phenylene oxide)s (PPOs) was tethered with cationic alkyl side chains of different lengths and configurations. PPO was first functionalized with bromomethyl and longer bromoalkyl side chains, respectively, before introducing quaternary ammonium (QA) groups via Menshutkin
We examined the effect of thermal shock on the germination of seeds of three conifers, two introduced (Pseudotsuga menziesii and Pinus ponderosa), and one native to Patagonia (Araucaria araucana). Previous research has suggested increased susceptibility to invasions in burnt areas, and therefore, the effect of simulated fire (heat) on seed germination in these native and introduced species was com
The climate in the Arctic is changing faster than anywhere else on earth. Poorly understood feedback processes relating to Arctic clouds and aerosol-cloud interactions contribute to a poor understanding of the present changes in the Arctic climate system, and also to a large spread in projections of future climate in the Arctic. The problem is exacerbated by the paucity of research-quality observa
The scholarship on Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797) is divided concerning her views on women’s role in public life, property rights and distribution of wealth. Her critique of inequality of wealth is undisputed, but is it a complaint only of inequality or does it strike more forcefully at the institution of property? The argument in this article is that Wollstonecraft’s feminism is partly defined b
The measurement of the mass differences for systems bound by the strong force has reached a very high precision with protons and anti-protons(1,2). The extension of such measurement from (anti-)baryons to (anti-) nuclei allows one to probe any difference in the interactions between nucleons and anti-nucleons encoded in the (anti-) nuclei masses. This force is a remnant of the underlying strong int
Future changes in tree growth, associated with a warmer and drier climate, are predicted for many species and locations across the European Mediterranean Basin. However, quantification of the intensity and severity of related consequences for forest ecosystem functioning and productivity remains challenging. Species-specific distribution limits that are particularly sensitive to small changes in t
SRC-like adaptor protein (SLAP) is an adaptor protein structurally similar to the SRC family protein kinases. Like SRC, SLAP contains an SH3 domain followed by an SH2 domain but the kinase domain has been replaced by a unique C-terminal region. SLAP is expressed in a variety of cell types. Current studies suggest that it regulates signaling of various cell surface receptors including the B cell re
Chromosome banding analyses reveal secondary chromosome abnormalities in addition to the MYC translocations t(8;14)(q24;q32), t(8;22)(q24;q11), and t(2;8)(p11;q24) in 60%-80% of Burkitt lymphomas/leukemias (BL). The high incidence of such aberrations indicates that additional changes are important, perhaps necessary, for malignant transformation, i.e., the 8q24/MYC rearrangements may not be suffic
Enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) Escherichia coli are related attaching and effacing (A/E) pathogens. The genes responsible for the A/E pathology are encoded in a chromosomal pathogenicity island termed the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). Both pathogens share a high degree of homology in the LEE and additional 'O' islands. EHEC prevalence is much lower in EPEC endemic are
One of the main limiting factors in improving glucose control for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) subjects is the lack of a precise description of meal and insulin intake effects on blood glucose. Knowing the magnitude and duration of such effects would be useful not only for patients and physicians, but also for the development of a controller targeting glycaemia regulation. Therefore, in this pa
A light-duty engine Volvo D5 was run with gasoline to demonstrate that high-octane number fuels, in compression ignition engines, are able to achieve high efficiency, low NOx and soot simultaneously. An advanced three stage injection strategy was developed. A load sweep was performed between 6 and 17 bar IMEP and 2000 rpm. Gross indicated efficiency stays fairly constant at 47% with very low NOx a
