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Det finns i svensk rätt inget samordnat skydd för den personliga integriteten, utan istället är det olika bestämmelser i brottsbalken som aktualiseras när det skett kränkningar av den personliga integriteten privatpersoner emellan. Ett exempel på en sådan kränkning är hämndporr, från engelskans ”revenge porn”, som innebär ett spridande av bild eller film med sexuellt innehåll på annan person utan
Brott och psykisk störning har länge varit föremål för diskussioner på grund av de svårigheter en psykisk störning kan medföra i rättstillämpningen. Sedan tillräknelighetsrekvisitet avskaffades i samband med brottsbalkens införande år 1965 har särbehandlingen av psykiskt störda lagöverträdare förflyttats från ansvarsdelen till påföljdsdelen. Uppsatsens fokus ligger på den svenska rättstillämpnin
Hedersrelaterat våld är för svenskt vidkommande inget nytt. Det råder däremot fortfarande stora svårigheter att få grepp om fenomenet vilket dels beror på frånvaron av en vedertagen definition, dels delade meningar om vad våldet beror på. Gemensamt för de olika förklaringarna är dock att det bottnar i föreställningen om att mannen är överordnad kvinnan. Brott utförda med hedersmotiv omfattas inte
När företag i intressegemenskap genomför värdeöverföringar över nations-gränser genom transaktioner som inte skulle ägt rum mellan oberoende parter, kan skattemyndigheter tillämpa så kallade korrigeringsregler. Då justerar man upp resultatet för företaget som genomförde överföringen ge-nom felaktig prissättning, och kan sedan beskatta den vinsten som skulle funnits där. För att undvika onödiga kosWhen associated enterprises move profits across national borders through transactions that would not take place between independent parties, tax aut-horities may apply so-called transfer pricing rules. They will adjust the results of the company that performed the transfer by incorrect pricing ar-rangements, and tax the profit that would have been there, were it not for the incorrect transfer pric
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate risk factors for bone fragility and fractures in postmenopausal women in a long-term perspective. The study period spanned from the age of 48 to age 82 and is thus unique in its length. The studied sample was homogeneous and consisted of 390 north European women from a population-based cohort. At the start of the study, general health and lifestyle parameters
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease where improperly cleared apoptotic cells and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induce an autoimmune response. Complement is crucial to prevent SLE by tailoring immune responses and opsonizing dead cells but may also induce inflammation and tissue damage once the disease is initiated. Complement C1q binds to apoptotic cells and ensures
The North Atlantic region has experienced significant climate fluctuations during the Holocene. It has been shown that these fluctuations affected the terrestrial environment in Iceland, including its glaciers and ice caps. However, the full Holocene development of Icelandic glaciers, including the large Vatnajökull ice cap and its outlet glaciers, is not fully known. In this thesis, a sediment se
Radiotherapy (RT) after mastectomy has been part of the treatment for early breast cancer since the 1940s. The treatment reduces the risk of loco-regional recurrences, but implies risk of late side effects that can begin decades after RT. Aims of the thesis were: - To analyse the long term effects of postmastectomy radiotherapy and systemic treatment for 1100 stage II breast cancer patients in t
Forest soil carbon (C) pools may act as sinks for, or sources of, atmospheric carbon dioxide, while nitrogen (N) fertilization may affect the net exchange of C in forest ecosystems. Since all major C and N processes in soil are driven by soil microorganisms, we evaluated the effects of N fertilization on biomass and bacterial and fungal activity in soils from three Norway spruce forests with diffe
Absorption spectroscopy constitutes a chemical analysis tool which can be applied to various samples and application fields. This thesis focuses on gas absorption spectroscopy with the means of diode lasers - tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, TDLAS. In particular, the absorption of gases inside porous scattering solids and liquids, referred to as GASMAS - gas in scattering media absorpt
Background: Few studies have compared self-reported criminal behaviour with high-quality databases of criminal offences and judicial sanctions. Self-reported problems from drug abusers are generally believed to be valid. We assessed the validity of self-reported theft, drug offences and prison sentences from a five-year follow-up of female substance abusers who were originally treated in a compuls
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by a diverse spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from a mild and self-limiting to a severe and systemic disorder. The relationship between inflammation and proteolytic activation in pancreatitis is an elusive issue. The aim of this thesis was to define the influence of platelets and neutrophils as well as their interrelations in re
Maternal diabetes mellitus (DM) during pregnancy has detrimental health impacts on both the mother and fetus, and include increased risks of cardiac malformations, cesarean section (CS), and asphyxia. The aim of the thesis was to investigate short and long term cardiac effects after fetal exposure to DM, investigate the ability of a 5 minute Apgar score as a marker for obstetrical care, investigat
Abstract: In this thesis the questions “do enteric neurons adapt to survive in conditions of obesity/type 2-diabetes (T2D) related metabolic imbalances? Or do they die?” are asked. Obese and T2D patients have high rates of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The GI tract comprises the body’s largest surface to the outside environment; it performs diverse and complex roles in an ever changing external
