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Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome is a potentially lethal illness attributed to superantigens produced by Staphylococcus aureus, in particular toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1), but staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) are also implicated. The genes encoding these important toxins are carried on mobile genetic elements, and the regulatory networks controlling expression of these toxins remain r

The sun is the most important energy source for the Earth’s climate system, however, influences of solar variations on climate are not fully understood. Studying past solar activity can improve our understanding of what role the sun plays in Earth’s climate. Cosmogenic radionuclides, such as 10Be in ice cores, are powerful tools to reconstruct past solar activity before the period of direct telesc

Oscillatory neural activity in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical (CBGTC) loop is associated with the motor state of a subject, but also with the availability of modulatory neurotransmitters. For example, increased low-frequency oscillations in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are related to decreased levels of dopamine and have been proposed as biomarkers to adapt and optimize therapeutic interven

Objectives: Current guidelines rank abatacept, rituximab, tocilizumab and TNF-inhibitors (TNFi) as having equal effectiveness for the treatment of RA, at least as second line therapies. These recommendations are mainly based on meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, with few direct drug-drug comparisons. Our objective was to compare the real-world absolute and relative effectiveness among

The adsorption of proteins is a very common phenomenon, happening almost always when a protein solution comes into contact with a solid. However, it is far from always clear what the results of adsorption will be in terms of adsorbed amount, protein orientation, and protein conformation. In this work, the adsorption of two proteins – histatin 5 and fibrinogen – has been studied using coarse-graineThe adsorption of proteins is a very common phenomenon, happening almost always when a protein solution comes into contact with a solid. However, it is far from always clear what the results of adsorption will be in terms of adsorbed amount, protein orientation, and protein conformation. In this work, the adsorption of two proteins – histatin 5 and fibrinogen – has been studied using coarse-graine

Komplexiteten hos a-synukleinopatier, som inkluderar multipel systematrofi (MSA) och Parkinsons sjukdom (PS), är inte helt klarlagd. Det är känt att patologisk ansamling av a-synuclein (a-syn) till fiberlika proteinaggregat är ett cellulärt kännetecken för dessa sjukdomar. a-Syn-positiva aggregat förekommer i nervceller i PS och Lewy body demens (LBD) och i oligodendrocyter i MSA. Mycket forskningThe complexity of a-synucleinopathies, which include multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), is not entirely understood. It is known that pathological accumulation of a-synuclein (a-syn) into proteinaceous aggregates is a cellular hallmark of these diseases. a-Syn positive aggregates appear in neurons in PD and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and in oligodendrocytes in MSA. Mu

This white paper contains six policy ideas that may help countries in coping with theCOVID-19 pandemic. The paper focuses on policies that can slow down the spread of the disease, better protect high-risk groups and leverage that a large part of the labor force is idle. For each policy idea, we describe the problem it is meant to solve, what may be leveraged to solve it, and a brief analysis of beThis white paper contains six policy ideas that may help countries in coping with theCOVID-19 pandemic. The paper focuses on policies that can slow down the spread of the disease, better protect high-risk groups and leverage that a large part of the labor force is idle. For each policy idea, we describe the problem it is meant to solve, what may be leveraged to solve it, and a brief analysis of be

The stacked multi-level (SML) klystron modulator topology has been suggested as an alternative to conventional pulse transformer based topologies in an attempt to improve output pulse performance and reduce system size for long pulse applications. In this topology, a power converter chain including a high frequency transformer generates the output pulse in a pulse modulation/demodulation scheme, e

We demonstrate a novel and rapid method for nanowire (NW) solar cell processing. NW arrays were embedded in photoresist. The strong absorption of light in the NWs leads to self-limited exposure of the resist, which enables selective removal of the exposed part of the resist, opening up for the tips of the NWs and further processing. The UV-exposure technology allows a fast and low-cost process com

Electron beam induced current (EBIC) is a well-established tool to, among others, locate and analyze p-n junctions, Schottky contacts or heterostructures in planar devices and is now becoming essential to study and optimize devices at the nanoscale, like III-V nanowire (NW) based solar cells. Here, we report on EBIC measurements on III-V single NW solar cells as well as on fully processed NW devic

This paper presents a deep learning algorithm for tomographic reconstruction (GANrec). The algorithm uses a generative adversarial network (GAN) to solve the inverse of the Radon transform directly. It works for independent sinograms without additional training steps. The GAN has been developed to fit the input sinogram with the model sinogram generated from the predicted reconstruction. Good qual

The Swedish healthcare sector is currently experiencing recruitment difficulties combined with increasing demand for healthcare services. This study accordingly seeks knowledge of the obstacles to and opportunities for retaining older employees in the Swedish healthcare sector. Results of interviews with line managers and human resource (HR) partners indicate that the informants have positive atti

Pb-based perovskite absorbers with organic (i.e., CH3NH3+) and inorganic (i.e., Cs+) cations and a halide composition of 75% Br and 25% I are investigated with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy while submitted to environmental stress factors to study their stability. Changes in chemical properties of the absorbers were monitored in ultra-high vacuum and under simulated solar, as well as, x-ray irra

Background: Due to the demographic challenge in most countries it is important to consider making work life sustainable. A sustainable work life is of importance in all age groups when working life will be extended to a higher age. Aim: Towards a theoretical model with an impact on a sustainable working life for all ages, the swAge - model. Method: The theoretical model, the swAge-model, is develo

Malcolm X’s (or El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz) life, political and social activism, religion, and their various impacts on the Civil Rights movement in the U.S. and beyond are attracting renewed scholarly attention, more then a half a century after his assassination. His political message has reached a wide variety of audiences inspiring numerous social activist groups across the globe. A large part of