Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by tremor, muscle rigidity and bradykinesia, which is primarily due to the degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Currently, patients are primarily treated with L-dopa and other drugs that enhance dopaminergic function. Those are effective during the first years, but eventually the majority of patients

Particles with functional groups on their surface were immobilized on premade cryogels through covalent bonding to maximize the accessibility of the target molecules to the surface of the particles. The physical properties of the composite cryogel were characterized by SEM, texture analysis and nitrogen adsorption. Different key factors affecting immobilization were also investigated, e.g., recirc

National laws and regulations on service delivery systems (SDS) for assistive technology (AT) in Europe aim to support the activity and participation of people with disabilities. The aim of this paper was to study similarities and differences in the SDS for AT of one Eastern and one Western EU member state. The legislation and regulations, and their operationalization were described from the persp

The performance of different information criteria - namely Akaike, corrected Akaike (AICC), Schwarz Bayesian (SBC), and Hannan-Quinn - is investigated so as to choose the optimal lag length in stable and unstable vector autoregressive (VAR) models both when autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH) is present and when it is not. The investigation covers both large and small sample sizes

Around 70,000 osteoporosis-related fractures occur in Sweden annually and approximately half of the women in western world will sustain a fragility fracture after the age of 50 years. Fracture preventive efforts require the identification of individuals who are at high risk. Biochemical markers of bone turnover (BTMs) have shown some degree of fracture predictability. There is also a correlation b

BACKGROUND: Frequent hyperglycemic episodes are increasingly being associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE: We studied the extent to which acute glycemia and glycemia after subsequent meals can be modulated by the characteristics of cereal foods, such as glycemic index (GI) and content of indigestible carbohydrates. DESIGN: Twelve healthy subjects

Cerebellar control of movements is dependent on mossy fiber input conveying information about sensory and premotor activity in the spinal cord. While much is known about spino-cerebellar systems, which provide the cerebellum with detailed sensory information, much less is known about systems conveying motor information. Individual motoneurones do not have projections to spino-cerebellar neurons. I

Popular Abstract in Swedish Under de senaste 10 åren har antalet människor i Sverige som dör av akut hjärtinfarkt minskat stadigt. Den äldre befolkningen är dock växande och med ökande antal människor med fetma och typ II-diabetes, står vi inför en stor utmaning i framtiden vad gäller hantering av patienter med akut hjärtinfarkt. För att möta denna utmaning är det viktigt att öka vår förmåga att bOne of the major determinants of the final infarct size during an acute coronary occlusion is the size of the myocardium subjected to ischemia. Identification and quantification of this so-called myocardium at risk in the acute phase of ischemia has been difficult in patients with conventional methods, such as myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or electrocardio

Abstract in Undetermined Patienter måste kunna lita på att Läkemedelsverket i både i skrift och handling ställer deras rätt till korrekt information över läkemedelsindustrins intressen. Risken är annars överhängande att verkets trovärdighet i läkarnas och allmänhetens ögon urholkas, något som i förlängningen kan få allvarliga medicinska konsekvenser.

Categorization of rhythmic patterns is prevalent in musical practice, an example of this being the transcription of (possibly not strictly metrical) music into musical notation. In this article we implement a dynamical systems’ model of rhythm categorization based on the resonance theory of rhythm perception developed by Large (2010). This model is used to simulate the categorical choices of parti

Background: Wnt proteins are important for developmental processes and certain diseases. WNT5A is a non-canonical Wnt protein that previously has been shown to play a role in the progression of malignant melanoma. High expression of WNT5A in melanoma tumors correlates to formation of distant metastasis and poor prognosis. This has partly been described by the findings that WNT5A expression in mela

Popular Abstract in Swedish Tolkning av medicinska bilder kan vara svår och påverkar i hög grad det fortsatta handläggandet av patienten. De viktigaste förutsättningarna för ett bra tolkningsresultat är förutom läkarens erfarenhet, som byggs upp genom att tolka många bilder, även kvaliteten på bilderna. Under det senaste decenniet har bilddiagnostiken utvecklats snabbt. Digitaliseringen av bilden Correct interpretation of medical imaging is based upon the interpreter’s experience and image quality. Depending on the report given the clinician decides how to use the result of the study. For many years a large number of image technologies including myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) have been acquired in digital format and the development of the imaging modalities are progressing rapidly

The exact role of fluid mechanics in the patho-physiological process of atherosclerosis has been a research topic over many years, yet without clear conclusive result. One has observed that morphological manifestations of the disease are found at some well-defined locations: certain vessel bifurcations and in curvatures. The flow in these regions is characterized by unsteadiness and often separati

This is a brief review of the second, slightly revised and expanded edition of a book that appeared for the first time in Swedish in 1993.

This column examines the texture cache, an essential component of modern GPUs that plays an important role in achieving real-time performance when generating realistic images. GPUs have many components and the texture cache is only one of them. But it has a real impact on the performance of the GPU if rasterization and memory tiling are set up correctly.

Background: Sharing of data about variation and the associated phenotypes is a critical need, yet variant information can be arbitrarily complex, making a single standard vocabulary elusive and re-formatting difficult. Complex standards have proven too time-consuming to implement. Results: The GEN2PHEN project addressed these difficulties by developing a comprehensive data model for capturing biom

Effective dopamine (DA) neuron differentiation from neural precursor cells (NPCs) is prerequisite for precursor/stem cell-based therapy of Parkinson's disease (PD). Nurr1, an orphan nuclear receptor, has been reported as a transcription factor that can drive DA neuron differentiation from non-dopaminergic NPCs in vitro. However, Nurr1 alone neither induces full neuronal maturation nor expression o