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A European Public Sphere and the Issue of Permeability

The academic discourse on the need for a shared political public sphere at the level of the European Union has in recent years produced the conventional wisdom that such an emerging transnational community of communication is already observable in the mass media. However, the empirical indicators on which this notion is based tend to accommodate parallel national public spheres rather than a genui

Software Dependability under Emergency Conditions

Many governmental actors have an operative responsibility in times of emergency. For this task they are becoming more and more dependent on IT systems. First interviews with some emergency managers show that traditional emergency management and risk analysis not always manages to capture this critical dependency. The exact dependence on IT systems in a crisis is often hard to predict, and

Sum rules for lossless antennas

Sum rules for the antenna input impedance and admittance are introduced. These identities relate the radiation resistance and conductance integrated over all frequencies with the low-frequency capacitance and inductance. They are valid for lossless antennas and particularly useful for small antennas that utilise their first resonance. Numerical results for various antennas are used to illustrate t

Designing Distribution Systems for Consumer Related E-Commerce

Consumer goods can be delivered in a number of different ways. One important and very interesting method is the use of e-commerce to deliver the groceries to the consumer. Distribution of consumer goods, especially groceries, poses a number of challenges to the use of e-commerce. Challenges that must be solved in order to find a justified solution. This paper will present and discuss a new researc

Downsizing, State Ownership, and Modern Labor Management: Severance Pay at the Swedish Tobacco Monopoly, 1915-1928

Among several forces contributing to early twentieth-century modernization of labor management was increased state involvement in the economy. In this essay, I consider the first known case of severance pay in Sweden: compensation to redundant workers associated with the 1915 nationalization of the tobacco industry. The tobacco monopoly, obliged to make severance payments during the first five yea