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Scale invariance is a ubiquitous observation in the dynamics of large distributed complex systems. The computation of its scaling exponents, which provide clues on its origin, is often hampered by the limited available sampling data, making an appropriate mathematical description a challenge. This work investigates the behavior of correlation functions in fractal systems under conditions of severe
This commentary discusses the role of increasingly artificial intelligence-infused big tech platforms in facilitating and normalising high-emission lifestyles and consumption practices. It introduces the notion of algorithmically facilitated emissions to initiate a shift from a logic of ‘climate collapse by design’ to a logic of ‘emissions reduction by design’. Reducing consumption-based emissions
Background Long-term pathological breathlessness is a life-limiting symptom that risks taking control of the individual’s life. We aimed to evaluate how locus of control (LOC), an individual’s perceived control of present and past life events, relates to breathlessness in a middle-aged general population. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional analysis of people aged 50–64 years was conducted
Background: Evidence-based guidelines for assessing pituitary function in children remain limited. Improved understanding of paediatric pituitary diseases may improve clinical management and patient counselling.Aim: This thesis aimed to evaluate diagnostic aspects of paediatric pituitary diseases, focusing on radiological follow-up of pituitary microadenomas and cysts, pituitary refractoriness to
It is a continued open question how there can be an azimuthal anisotropy of high particles quantified by a sizable in p+Pb collisions when, at the same time, the nuclear modification factor is consistent with unity. We address this puzzle within the framework of the jet quenching model \textsc{Jewel}. In the absence of reliable medium models for small collision systems we use the number of scatter
Aims: In the randomized DAPA-MI clinical trial, 10 mg of dapagliflozin once daily improved cardiometabolic outcomes versus placebo after acute myocardial infarction (MI) in patients without established diabetes or heart failure (HF). We assessed associations between baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiometabolic outcomes in DAPA-MI. Methods: The primary outcome, assessed us
Shared e-scooters are sometimes presented as a sustainable mobility option, but their environmental impact depends on their utilization. When utilization is low, idle e-scooters increase operational costs and decrease overall energy efficiency. This thesis explores whether neighborhood-level built environment and socio-demographic characteristics influence the usage efficiency of shared e-scooters
This thesis examines the ways in which the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) constructs non-human animals within contemporary development discourse, while analysing the consistency of these constructions with rights-based approaches within development, the findings of the field of critical animal studies, and the interests of private stakeholders in FAO operations. In spite of
Automation apps enable seamless connection of IoT devices and services to provide useful functionality for end-users. Apps are typically executed on cloud-based Trigger-Action Platforms (TAPs) such as IFTTT and Node-RED, supporting both single- and multi-tenant models. Such models raise security and privacy concerns in the face of cloud attackers and malicious app makers, resulting in massive and
AbstractThe sociocultural theory, the idea that we learn in interaction with others, has had an immense impact on the field of education. For the past 20 years, the theory has gained momentum within the field of online education and inspired a group of researchers at the University of Alberta (Garrison, Anderson & Archer 2000) to design a conceptual framework and an online learning model of th
A macroscopic constitutive model for the strain-induced martensite transformation observed in metastable austenitic stainless steels is presented. It models the material as an evolving two-phase austenite-martensite composite, where the plastic strains in each phase are computed using viscoplastic power-law relations. Two distinct hardening rules, one for austenite and the other for martensite, ar
Purpose: Young people transitioning from out-of-home care are a vulnerable group. This article reports two studies aiming to increase understanding of how to develop interventions for this group and focuses on preliminary intervention fit from the youth and social worker perspective. Methods: We conducted two small-scale studies. Social workers (Study I, n = 2; Study II, n = 9), and youth (Study I
This paper examines the case of Western Sahara through the lens of settler colonial studies. A former Spanish colony in northern Africa, Western Sahara is most often described as ‘occupied’ by Morocco since 1975. I aim at shifting this narrative by applying settler colonial theory, more specifically Veracini’s concept of transfer, to the relation between Moroccan authorities and the indigenous pop
Coherent extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation can be generated in a tabletop configuration via high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases. While HHG is inherently inefficient, increasing the conversion efficiency (CE) is crucial for many applications, such as coincidence spectroscopy [1] and coherent imaging [2], which require high XUV throughput. Previous calculations suggest that one way to im
This article is a collective response to the 2020 iteration of The Manifesto for Teaching Online. Originally published in 2011 as 20 simple but provocative statements, the aim was, and continues to be, to critically challenge the normalization of education as techno-corporate enterprise and the failure to properly account for digital methods in teaching in Higher Education. The 2020 Manifesto cont
Background and Objectives: The ease of hulling an oat genotype and the length of time the intact and hulled seeds can be stored viably without deteriorating quality has always been of interest to industry and farmers. We evaluated the hulling traits of different genotypes under varying growing conditions in 2018 and 2020, linking this to seed morphological and physiological features. Findings: We
Post-compression of (sub)-picosecond laser pulses down to sub-100 fs durations has become a standard approach for high-peak-power sources at a high average power [1]. Here, we propose a new post-compression geometry suited for extreme temporal compression of energetic narrowband lasers, such as diode or electrically pumped four-level systems which can deliver kW-average powers [2], but typically e
