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Abstract in German: Aus der Sicht der byzantinischen Quellen scheint ein religiöser Konfrontationsansatz mit dem Islam oft zu fehlen; dort werden die Muslime als “Araber”, “Sarazenen”, “Ismaeliten” oder “Hagarener” genannt, wie man die vorislamischen Araber auch bezeichnet hatte. Es ist damit nicht ganz klar, wie die universalistische Ansprüche des frühen Islam von Byzanz aus zu verstehen sind. EsByzantine sources often seem to ignore the religious cause of controversy with Islam: they refer to Muslims as “Arabs”, “Saracens”, “Ismaelites” or “Hagarenes”, names which had already been used to denote the pre-Islamic Arabs. The Byzantine point of observation on the universalist claims of Early Islam is, thus, not quite clear. There are, however, several clues to the assumption that the early C

A novel metaheuristic algorithm called the reptile search algorithm (RSA) was introduced in conjunction with artificial neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for the estimation of standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). The model was tested in three different climates: arid and super-cold, semi-arid and cold, and semi-arid and moderate climate across Iran by combining meteorolo

Groundwater is the general source of drinking water in the Shimabara Peninsula, Nagasaki, Japan, and consequently, occurring nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) pollution in the groundwater is a significant problem. Although various countermeasures have been implemented, nitrate nitrogen concentrations remain serious. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate effects of different potentially effective counterme

The ringing and controlling of previously marked birds are invaluable tools for studying the survival, productivity, and movement of birds. To maximize the value of ringing data, it is important to minimize any potential biases. For some species, such as nestbox-breeding owls, ringing records are typically heavily skewed toward females because they generally are easier to catch. The use of traditi

Data on marine microfossil assemblage composition have multiple applications. Initially, they were primarily used for (chrono)stratigraphy and palaeoecology, but these data are now also widely used to study evolutionary and ecological processes, such as past biodiversity and its links with environmental dynamics, or to provide a basis for conservation efforts and biomonitoring. The large range of

Integrative lighting promoting circadian health has recently gained attention due to the increasing awareness of non-visual effects of light and advancements in lighting technology. However, reaching both visual and non-visual circadian targets in buildings may be challenging when considering energy use. Despite growing interest, most studies have focused on health benefits and individual design p

Achieving the dual goals of increasing visual comfort and well-being in the built environment while minimizing resource demand is a significant challenge. Since 2023, Subtask D “Case Studies” of IEA SHC Task 70/EBC Annex 90 “Low Carbon, High Comfort Integrated Lighting,” has been addressing this challenge head-on. Subtask D aims to advance the wide-scale adoption of environmentally performing dayl

Att skriva på engelska är en avgörande färdighet för studenter inom högre utbildning – oavsett ämnesområde. Trots utvecklingen av AI och digitala skrivverktyg är studentens egen förmåga att uttrycka sig i skrift fortfarande central. Det här kapitlet introducerar viktiga akademiska skrivfärdigheter på engelska och visar hur dessa med lärares hjälp kan utvecklas redan under gymnasietiden.

Introduction Emerging research indicates that integrated treatment of co-occurring post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder can be effective among adolescents and young people. However, various barriers exist to young people accessing evidence-based treatments. Telehealth offers an opportunity to address these barriers and provide a scalable and accessible alternative to in

In Sweden, the pedagogical training of doctoral students varies significantly across universities. While most institutions include at least one mandatory course in higher education teaching and learning, some programs lack this requirement entirely. Whether doctoral students are encouraged or even allowed to take multiple pedagogical courses also varies greatly. This paper explores the benefits ofIn Sweden, the pedagogical training of doctoral students varies significantly across universities. While most institutions include at least one mandatory course in higher education teaching and learning, some programs lack this requirement entirely. Whether doctoral students are encouraged or even allowed to take multiple pedagogical courses also varies greatly. This paper explores the benefits of

This article explores the rise and fall of social investment (SI) practices in Swedish local government to examine how public-sector reforms are enacted—and undone—in practice. While SI initially promised more preventive, evidence-based and cost-efficient welfare, its local implementation through SI Funds (SIFs) reveals a more complex story. Based on a decade of ethnographically informed research,This article explores the rise and fall of social investment (SI) practices in Swedish local government to examine how public-sector reforms are enacted—and undone—in practice. While SI initially promised more preventive, evidence-based and cost-efficient welfare, its local implementation through SI Funds (SIFs) reveals a more complex story. Based on a decade of ethnographically informed research,

Learning a language is a creative process. It involves novelty and imagination. While curiosity can be highly beneficial, research is limited. Studies so far conducted have explored epistemic curiosity as a trait-like disposition. In contrast, the current study focuses on perceptual curiosity (PC). PC is a situational response evoked by novelty, complexity and ambiguities in sensory stimulation. P

This book centres on the transformation of landscapes, focusing on the Western Mediterranean during the end of the Roman Republic and the Early Roman Empire.This volume brings together diverse contributions that utilise both theoretical and practical approaches from landscape studies and archaeology to examine the transitions to the Empire in the provincial landscapes of the western Roman Empire.

This study examines the landscape changes that developed in Tarraco (modern-day Tarragona, Spain) between the Roman Republican period and the end of the first century CE. This study, based on a compilation and re-evaluation of archaeological data, combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to analyse types of sites and their geographical distribution. This research aims to identify elements

This introductory chapter establishes the theoretical and methodological framework for examining the profound transformations that occurred across the western provinces of the Roman Empire during the Augustan period. The volume explores these changes through the lens of landscape archaeology, considering landscapes as complex social constructs that reflect and integrate multiple factors—social, ec

Control of the microstructure of steel components during their processing is a crucial factor for reaching desired product properties. Realistic simulations of the microstructure evolution during processing can facilitate the improvement of existing processes as well as the design of new ones by reducing the need for time- and cost-intensive experimental investigations. This work focuses on the mo

Taboo obsessions are ego-dystonic, recurrent, and intrusive thoughts involving aggressive, sexual and/or religious themes, which are common in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). These symptoms are often challenging to treat with traditional, exposure-based approaches. Our research group has developed and successfully piloted an Internet-delivered intervention based on the cognit