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Neuronal accumulation and spread of pathological α-synuclein (α-syn) fibrils are key events in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathophysiology. However, the neuronal mechanisms underlying the uptake of α-syn fibrils remain unclear. In this work, we identified FAM171A2 as a PD risk gene that affects α-syn aggregation. Overexpressing FAM171A2 promotes α-syn fibril endocytosis and exacerbates the spread and

Male childlessness in late adulthood is increasingly prevalent in rural China, indicating a critical need to understand the factors contributing to childlessness among rural men—an often-overlooked group in gerontological and childlessness research. While existing studies have explored individual-level predictors of childlessness over the life course and the implications of broader societal condit

Introduction: Alcohol use has significant health implications, yet the association between alcohol use and respiratory symptoms remains relatively understudied. This study examines the prevalence of hazardous alcohol use and its associations with breathlessness, chronic cough, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and whether these associations with chronic airway limitation (CAL) differ by a

This article applies a conceptual framework based on multilevel theories of gender inequality to examine individual-level food insecurity (FI) outcomes in the League of Arab States (LAS). We conceptualize FI as an embodied waypoint on a discriminatory cycle incorporating material and cultural practices that function at macro-, situational-, and individual-levels. Using data drawn from the Gallup W

Aims: Stratifying renal damage in type 2 diabetes is challenging due to overlapping features between diabetic nephropathy (DN) and non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD). While miR-27b-3p modulates kidney fibrosis in DN through the lysine63 ubiquitination pathway, its upstream regulation and diagnostic relevance remain unclear. Methods: In a biopsy-verified cohort of 231 chronic kidney disease (CKD) pa

In 1972 Hajnal and Kertész published a paper proving that the Axiom of Choice is equivalent to the assertion that a groupoid structure can be defined on every set. This thesis aims to provide the necessary background needed for this proof. In the first part basic concepts in set theory such as the Well-Ordering Theorem are derived. This culminates in a lemma by Hartogs (1915) in which it is shown,

This paper provides a critical analysis of Harry G. Frankfurt's seminal theory of bullshit, as outlined in his works "On Bullshit" and "On Truth." The thesis establishes Frankfurt's central argument that the defining characteristic of the bullshitter is an indifference to the truth, a quality that fundamentally distinguishes the bullshitter from the liar, who actively e

Laminins are basement membrane components that regulate a plethora of biological processes. Despite decades of research, the exact roles of laminins in different tissues and in organogenesis remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the function of laminin γ1 chain in heart, lung and other tissues by generating a mouse that lacks laminin γ1 in cells expressing SM22α (Tagln) (LMγ1 flox/SM22α C

Introduction: Falls among hospitalized older adults increase morbidity, prolong hospital stays, and raise healthcare costs. Sensor-based technologies and medical devices are emerging tools for fall prevention, but their clinical effectiveness remains uncertain. This systematic review aimed to assess their effectiveness in reducing inpatient falls, staff workload, and physical restraint use in hosp

Background: Signet ring cell (SRC) colorectal cancer is strongly associated with peritoneal metastases (PM), but the role of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) remains uncertain due to poor prognosis. This study aimed to analyse the prognostic impact of SRCs, assess clinical characteristics, and evaluate the risk of open-close laparotomy. Methods: Thi

Aims: Experimental evidence suggests an important role for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its generating enzymes sphingosine kinase 1/2 (SphK1/2) in obesity. We and others have shown that plasma S1P levels are elevated in obese mice and humans. Preclinical studies suggest that genetic SphK2 ablation in mice protects from age- and diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction. We aimed at inves

Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic posed pronounced challenges in the care of lung transplant (LTx) recipients. Global variations in containment strategies and the introduction of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines have sparked extensive debate in both scientific and public arenas. Methods: This retrospective study compared outcomes among LTx recipients in Denmark

Biotechnology is a rapidly progressive field, currently transforming agriculture, healthcare, and life sciences. This rapid development comes with serious legal and ethical challenges as well as risks for human security and health. NATO has prioritized biotechnology and human enhancement technologies for defense, focusing on legitimate, defensive applications. This paper highlights four clusters o

Purpose: To analyse risk of osteoporotic fractures in foreign-born individuals migrating to Sweden at different ages, compared to Swedish-born individuals. Methods: This was a nationwide open cohort study including individuals ≥30 years of age at baseline (N = 4,715,081). Foreign-born individuals were divided as having arrived to and being registered in Sweden from the ages 0–30 years of age or >3

Inom matematik och teknik är det vanligt att behöva lösa komplexa ekvationssystem. Dessa ekvationssystem uppkommer bland annat när man försöker göra simuleringar av till exempel vätskor eller gaser. Dessa ekvationssystem är många gånger mycket svårlösta, vilket innebär att de måste lösas med hjälp av datorer. En algoritm som ofta används till detta ändamål är Newtons metod som stegvis finner bättrIn this bachelor's thesis, different forcing term strategies for the inexact Newton method were evaluated on some standard test problems, the stationary p-Laplacian differential equation and the time-dependent Forchheimer equation. The forcing term strategies were initially studied by replicating experiments conducted by An, Mo and Liu (2005, Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics)

The invasive oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces astaci significantly threatens native European crayfish populations, prompting investigations towards the effects of protective immunostimulation on the immune response of the vulnerable noble crayfish (Astacus astacus). Here, we evaluate the effect of three oomycete-derived immunostimulant treatments: laminarin (β-1,3-glucan found within the Ap. astaci c

Background Although genetic variants associated with bladder cancer (BCa) risk have been identified through hypothesis-driven and genome-wide association studies, a systematic understanding of BCa genetic susceptibility at the gene and pathway levels remains to be achieved. Materials and methods In this 2-stage functional genomics study, we used 5 independent tools for genome-wide gene mapping and

Global capital is increasingly settling in Vietnam’s ‘socialist-oriented market economy’. Those employed in the outsourced workplace may encounter precarious and insecure working conditions, while women employees may even be subjected to gender-based violence. Drawing on ethnographic data collected in the Industrial Zones of northern Vietnam, this article examines gendered workplace violence and t

Eye movements originally made during memory formation are often spontaneously reproduced during retrieval, even in the absence of visual input, directing gaze back to the locations where goal-relevant episodic information was previously encountered. This behavior, known as gaze reinstatement, is thought to support the reactivation of episodic content associated with those locations (e.g., Johansso