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Moisture content penetration in wood elements under varying boundary conditions

Knowledge of effects of moisture exposure on timber structures is important for serviceability and load bearing capacity of timber elements and systems. Varying climate affects the moisture content profiles in timber as the relative humidity changes in the ambient air. This paper presents methods for calculation of diffusion based moisture transport and corresponding results on how timber responds

Determinants of terrestrial ecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covariance flux sites

Pioneering work in the last century has resulted in a widely accepted paradigm that primary production is strongly positively related to temperature and water availability such that the northern hemispheric forest carbon sink may increase under conditions of global warming. However, the terrestrial carbon sink at the ecosystem level (i.e. net ecosystem productivity, NEP) depends on the net balance

Colloid cysts of the third ventricle: correlation of MR and CT findings with histology and chemical analysis

Eight patients with colloid cysts of the third ventricle were examined with CT and MR. In six, surgical resection was performed and the material was subjected to histologic evaluation; the concentrations of trace elements were determined by particle-induced X-ray emission. Stereotaxic aspiration was performed in two. The investigation showed that colloid cysts are often iso- or hypodense relative

The use of clinical risk factors enhances the performance of BMD in the prediction of hip and osteoporotic fractures in men and women

BMD and clinical risk factors predict hip and other osteoporotic fractures. The combination of clinical risk factors and BMD provide higher specificity and sensitivity than either alone. Introduction and hypotheses To develop a risk assessment tool based on clinical risk factors (CRFs) with and without BMD. Methods Nine population-based studies were studied in which BMD and CRFs were documented at

Detection of duplicate defect reports using natural language processing

Defect reports are generated from various testing and development activities in software engineering. Some-times two reports are submitted that describe the same problem, leading to duplicate reports. These reports are mostly written in structured natural language, and as such, it is hard to compare two reports for similarity with formal methods. In order to identify duplicates, we investigate usi

Effects of Ca2+ on force-velocity characteristics of normal and hypertrophic smooth muscle of the rat portal vein

Portal hypertension was induced in rats by partial ligation of the hepatic branches of the portal vein. After 5 days of hypertension the portal veins were taken out and mounted for isometric and quick-release experiments. Portal veins from sham-operated normal rats served as controls. The ligated veins had an increased cross-sectional area, indicating smooth-muscle hypertrophy. Although the absolu

Quantitative evaluation of HIV-1 coreceptor use in the GHOST(3) cell assay

The utility of the GHOST(3) cell assay has been evaluated for testing coreceptor use of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates. GHOST(3) cells were derived from the human osteosarcoma cell line, HOS, and have been engineered to stably express CD4 and one or another of the chemokine receptors CCR3, CCR5, CXCR4, Bonzo, or the orphan receptor BOB. The Indicator cell line carries

Mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine and cyclophosphamide enhanced efficacy combined with cyclosporine in rat cardiac transplantation

Anti-proliferative drugs have been used for immunosuppression since the introduction of clinical transplantation. Most transplant centres include azathioprine (Aza) and cyclosporine (CyA) in their standard regimens, despite several controlled studies having failed to confirm the benefit of this combination. Aza is still. the most commonly used anti-proliferative drug, although no major differences

Longitudinal follow-up of children born preterm : somatic and mental health, self-esteem and quality of life at age 19

In a long-term prospective study, 39 preterm children born before 35 completed weeks of gestation and 23 full-term children were followed up at 19 years of age. Information about somatic and mental health was obtained through interviews and confirmed by medical records. Self-esteem and quality of life were assessed from the subjects' perspective. Significantly more preterms than full-terms had som

Microbial fuel cell-based biosensor for fast analysis of biodegradable organic matter

The current study was made to develop a biosensor based on a single-chamber microbial fuel cell in which anaerobes were retained in the anode compartment separated from the cathode compartment by a proton exchange membrane. In the sensor a replaceable anaerobic consortium was used for analyzing biodegradable organic matter. The anaerobes acted as biocatalysts in oxidizing organic matter and transf

Effects of ejaculation-to-analysis delay on levels of markers of epididymal and accessory sex gland functions and sperm motility

This study aimed to examine the association between the interval from ejaculation to analysis and epididymal and accessory sex gland function in relation to sperm motility. Ejaculates from 1079 men assessed for infertility were analyzed according to World Health Organization guidelines. Biochemical markers were measured in semen to assess the function of the epididymi;s (neutral alpha-glucosidase