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Gamma-ray bursts and X-ray melting of material to form chondrules and planets

Chondrules are millimeter sized objects of spherical to irregular shape that constitute the major component of chondritic meteorites that originate in the region between Mars and Jupiter and which fall to Earth. They appear to have solidified rapidly from molten or partially molten drops. The heat source that melted the chondrules remains uncertain. The intense radiation from a gamma-ray burst (GR

Dissolved oxygen controller based on on-line measurements of ammonium combining feed-forward and feedback

As the largest single energy-consuming component in most biological wastewater treatment systems, control of aeration is of great interest seen from an energy savings point of view. This paper suggests a simple way of using on-line ammonium measurements to control aeration in a pre-denitrification plant by controlling the dissolved oxygen setpoint. The controller works primarily by feed-forward ba

Effect of woodland patch size on rodent seed predation in a fragmented landscape.

Predation on large woody plant seeds; chestnuts, acorns and sloe kernels, was studied in deciduous forests of two size classes: small woodlots (< 1 ha) and large woods (at least 25 ha) in southern Sweden. Seeds used for the study were artificially distributed on the forest ground and seed predation measured as seed removal. Predation rate was similar in both types of woods. However, rodent density

Local signs and symptoms in relation to final amputation level in diabetic patients. A prospective study of 187 patients with foot ulcers

Local signs and symptoms were evaluated in 187 consecutively presenting diabetic patients undergoing amputation for foot ulcers. From admission until final outcome the patients were treated by the same multidisciplinary team both as in- and out-patients. At the time of amputation, the types of lesions were superficial/deep ulcer (n 17), ulcer with deep infection, but without gangrene (n 40), and g

Determination of the e(+)e(-)->gamma gamma(gamma) cross-section at LEP 2

A test of the benchmark QED process e(+) e(-) -->gammagamma(gamma) is reported, using the data collected with the DELPHI detector at LEP 2. The data analysed were recorded at centre-of-mass energies ranging from 161 GeV to 208 GeV and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 656.4 pb(-1). The Born cross-section for the process e(+) e(-)-->gammagamma(gamma) was determined, confirming the vali

Träning ökar muskelstyrkan och förhindrar troligen höftfraktur

Data supporting the notion that exercise during growth built a stronger skeleton is compelling. Exercise during growth, especially during the pre-pubertal years, increases bone mineral density (BMD) and perhaps also bone size, each independently conferring bone strength. In adulthood, exercise at best halts bone loss or increases BMD by a few percentage points, an increase of questionable biologic

Anharmonic resonances in the C-H stretch region of ethoxy adsorbed on W(110): vibrational spectroscopy and calculations

We show that it is possible to understand and interpret the complex and rich C-H stretch region in the vibrational spectrum of ethoxy adsorbed on W(110) in terms of fundamental C-H stretch modes in Fermi resonance with C-H deformation overtones and combinations. The mode assignment is based on calculated C-13 isotopic shifts for an ethoxy-Cu-5 cluster. The coupling constants have been derived from

Abrupt increase in seasonal extreme precipitation at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary

A prominent increase in atmospheric CO, at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, ca. 55 Ma, led to the warmest Earth of the Cenozoic for similar to 100 k.y. High-resolution studies of continental flood-plain sediment records across this boundary can provide crucial information on how the hydrological cycle responds to rapidly changing CO2. Here we show from continental records across the Paleocene-Eocene

Analys och utveckling av system för registrering av vårdbehov och vårdinsatser till äldre i kommunal vård och omsorg. - En delstudie i SNAC Rapport 2

Den offentliga statistiken inom äldreomsorgsområdet är för närvarande begränsad till mängdstatistik (Statistik - socialtjänst 2000:5, Socialstyrelsen 2000 och Hälso- och sjukvårdsstatistisk årsbok 1999, Socialstyrelsen 2000). Från denna statistik erhålles uppgifter om antalet äldre som får vård och hjälp fördelade på ålder, kön och vårdinsats samt vårdkostnader. För att få insikt i äldreomsorgssys

Characterization of the annexin I gene and evaluation of its role in type 2 diabetes

In a previous study, we identified suggestive linkage between type 2 diabetes and a locus on chromosome 9p13-q21. This region contains the gene annexin I (ANXA1), encoding a protein suggested to be involved in both insulin secretion and insulin action. In this study, we sequenced the exon/intron boundaries of the human ANXA1 gene and performed mutation screening in 41 individuals from the initial

Young today-adult tomorrow! Studies on physical status, physical activity, attitudes, and self-perception in children and adolescents

The aim was to gain knowledge of young people's physical status and physical activity, and to further the understanding of the role of school physical education in a salutogenic public health perspective. Two studies were performed in southern Sweden. Study 1 was performed in 1996 among 301 adolescents aged 16-19 in upper secondary school. It comprised three parts: a questionnaire, seven physical

Soil carbon sequestration in degraded semiarid agro-ecosystems - Perils and Potentials

The Kyoto Protocol opens new possibilities for using the biosphere as a carbon sink. Using agro-ecosystems as carbon sinks may be the most appropriate practice from both environmental and socioeconomic points of view. Degraded agro-ecosystems in Africa might benefit significantly from the improved land management that would be part of a carbon sequestration program. There are vast areas of these a