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There is considerable industrial significance to understand the nature of subsurface deformation under the machined surface for correct prediction of surface properties in machined components based upon the machined conditions and material behaviors that give rise to them. In this study, high speed machining of Inconel 718 was carried with whisker reinforced ceramic cutting tool under different co
In present ultralow-emittance storage ring designs the emittance coupling required for the production of vertically diffraction-limited synchrotron radiation in the hard x-ray regime is achieved and in many cases surpassed by a correction of the orbit and the linear optics alone. However, operating with a vertical emittance lower than required is disadvantageous, since it decreases Touschek lifeti
In this letter we apply the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), widely used in econometrics, to receivers operating with imperfect channel state information (CSI) of singleinput-multiple-output (SIMO) block-fading channels where a single pilot symbol is used. The GMM results in the standard maximum ratio combining (MRC) receiver, but with an improved channel estimate. Although not our goal at the
This study raises the question of how marriage market relevant status characteristics are distributed among partners in exogamous relationships. The status exchange hypothesis posits that partners in racially and ethnically heterogamous relationships trade status characteristics, mainly education. We address this hypothesis focusing on intermarriages between immigrants and native men (N=606,257) a
BACKGROUND: The aim was to assess time trend of mortality with musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) as underlying cause of death in Sweden from 1997 to 2013.METHODS: We obtained data on MSD as underlying cause of death across age and sex groups from the National Board of Health and Welfare's Cause of Death Register. Age-standardized mortality rates per million population for all MSD, its six major subg
A series of experiments for studies of flammability characteristics of upholstered furniture is presented. The series comprises 53 experiments on a reduced scale and 11 full-scale experiments in an extensively instrumented room. Results are presented from measurements of rate of heat release and smoke production. The experiments indicate that ignitability can be considerably decreased by careful c
OBJECTIVE: Glucose degradation products (GDPs) are important for the outcome of peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. The most cytotoxic GDP found in conventionally manufactured fluids, 3,4-dideoxyglucosone-3-ene (3,4-DGE), may in addition be recruited from 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG). What happens with the GDPs in the fluid infused into patients during PD is not known. We investigated whether 3,4-DGE a
The main objective of this paper is to calculate the distribution of the tax burden across income levels in Spain between 1960 and 1990. The chosen period covers the final years of Franco’s dictatorship and the first ones of the present parliamentary regime, and is thus meant to explore how political change was reflected on taxation. Does transition entail a fiscal revolution? Here is one case stu
This paper investigates the evolution of income inequality in Spain during its transition to democracy, suggesting a method for the correction of under-reporting of earnings and profits in the Household Budget Surveys’ data. The contribution is twofold: the methodological proposal, based on income-expenditure discrepancy and scaling-up to National Accounts, improves on previous work, and can be co
Legal certainty is central to taxation decisions. This article describes the current legal situation and discussions in four Nordic countries. Sweden and Finland are specialized in dealing with taxation cases in administrative courts. In Denmark and Norway, no specialization exists in taxation cases. I maintain in this article that legal certainty would benefit from explicit signals from the state
Background: On-going climate change is predicted to result in a growing number of extreme weather events - such as heat waves - throughout Europe. The effect of high temperatures and heat waves are already having an important impact on public health in terms of increased mortality, but studies from an Estonian setting are almost entirely missing. We investigated mortality in relation to high summe
The cytosolic Ca2+-binding S100A9 and S100A8 proteins form heterodimers that are primarily expressed in human neutrophils and monocytes. We have recently shown that S100A9 binds to TLR4 in vitro and induces TLR4-dependent NF-κB activation and a pro-inflammatory cytokine response in monocytes. In the present report we have further investigated the S100A9-mediated stimulation of TLR4 in monocytes. U
