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Synthesis and polymerization of isosorbide-based monomethacrylates

Isosorbide-5-methacrylate was obtained by enzymatic catalysis with Lipozyme RM IM in a highly regioselective manner in up to 87% yield. The process uses readily available acyl donors (methacrylic anydride or vinyl methacrylate), is easily scalable and chromatography free. Simple extractive workup followed by decoloration and filtration affords the monomer with up to > 99% purity. In addition, the

Employers' beliefs, knowledge and strategies used in providing support to employees with mental health problems

BACKGROUND: Mental health problems are the main cause of sick leave in today's working age population. Employers are responsible for their employees' work environment and preventing work-related illnesses, but their knowledge regarding mental health problems is lacking. Employer beliefs and support strategies need further exploration. OBJECTIVE: To explore employers' beliefs, knowledge and strateg

EU Tax Law and The Return of the Nation-State

This chapter analyses the European Union’s efforts to counteract the erosion of member states’ corporate tax bases. The author first describes how multinational enterprises, like Apple, have been able to exploit differences between the tax systems in order to pay less taxes. The author then presents the hypothesis that EU member states have managed to defend their interests in protecting their own

Quantum Algorithms for the Approximate k-List Problem and their Application to Lattice Sieving

The Shortest Vector Problem (SVP) is one of the mathematical foundations of lattice based cryptography. Lattice sieve algorithms are amongst the foremost methods of solving SVP. The asymptotically fastest known classical and quantum sieves solve SVP in a $d$-dimensional lattice in $2^{\const d + \smallo(d)}$ time steps with $2^{\const' d + \smallo(d)}$ memory for constants $c, c'$. In this work, w

Young Somalis’ social identity in Sweden and Britain : The interplay of group dynamics, socio-political environments, and transnational ties in social identification processes

In this article, we aim to contribute to the literature on social identification among migrants and minorities by offering a theoretical framework that accounts for the interplay of socio-psychological factors, local and transnational group dynamics, and the socio-political environment in which migrants live. This approach enables us to analyse not only the political significance of identity, but

Membrane filtration of alkali-depolymerised kraft lignin for biological conversion

In this study, we have investigated the possibility of membrane filtration as a means for obtaining a fraction containing mainly low-molecular-weight (LMW) compounds from depolymerised lignin (DL) for subsequent microbial conversion. A DL stream from continuous-mode alkali depolymerisation of a softwood kraft lignin produced at a temperature of 220 °C and a residence time of 2 min, using a NaOH/li

Vad är nytt? : kunskapssammanställning av kommunal arbetsmarknadspolitik

Den svenska kommunala arbetsmarknadspolitiken har expanderat sedan 1990-talet. Kommunala arbetsmarknadsåtgärder kostar 5 miljarder, involverar 5 300 årsarbetare och 110 000 deltagare årligen. Enligt den senaste kunskapssammanställningen publicerad 2012 är kunskapen om vad somgörs och uppnås begränsad. I artikeln sammanfattas kunskapsläget mellan 2012-17. Vi genomför en systematisk forskningsöversi

Incompleteness, harm avoidance, and disgust: A comparison of youth with OCD, anxiety disorders, and no psychiatric disorder

Psychological models of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) place a heavy emphasis on harm avoidance as a maintaining factor and target for treatment. Incompleteness and disgust may also play a role in pediatric OCD but remain under studied. Youth with OCD (n=100), anxiety disorders (n=96), and no psychiatric disorder (n=25) completed self-report measures of trait-level incompleteness, h

A cell topography-based mechanism for ligand discrimination by the T cell receptor

The T cell receptor (TCR) initiates the elimination of pathogens and tumors by T cells. To avoid damage to the host, the receptor must be capable of discriminating between wild-type and mutated self and nonself peptide ligands presented by host cells. Exactly how the TCR does this is unknown. In resting T cells, the TCR is largely unphosphorylated due to the dominance of phosphatases over the kina

Temperature management after cardiac arrest, postanoxic injury and neurological recovery

In patients admitted alive to hospital after cardiac arrest the most common mode of death is withdrawal of life sustaining therapy due to brain injury. This decicion is preceeed by multimodal neuroprognostication, which includes clinical examination, neurophysiological tests, imagning and serum markers of braininjury. The search for methods to ameliorate the brain injury after cardiac arrest is onIn patients admitted alive to hospital after cardiac arrest the most common mode of death is withdrawal of life sustaining therapy due to brain injury. This decicion is preceeed by multimodal neuroprognostication, which includes clinical examination, neurophysiological tests, imagning and serum markers of braininjury. The search for methods to ameliorate the brain injury after cardiac arrest is on

Copenhagen Head Injury Ciclosporin Study : A Phase IIa Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Biomarker Study of Ciclosporin in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) contributes to almost one third of all trauma-related deaths, and those that survive often suffer from long-term physical and cognitive deficits. Ciclosporin (cyclosporine, cyclosporin A) has shown promising neuroprotective properties in pre-clinical TBI models. The Copenhagen Head Injury Ciclosporin (CHIC) study was initiated to establish the safety profile and pharma

How do data-mining models consider arsenic contamination in sediments and variables importance?

Arsenic (As) is one of the most important dangerous elements as more than 100 million of people are exposed to risk, globally. The permissible threshold of As for drinking water is 10 μg/L according to both the WHO’s drinking water guidelines and the Iranian national standard. However, several studies have indicated that As concentrations exceed this threshold value in several regions of Iran. Thi

Myocardin-Dependent Kv1.5 Channel Expression Prevents Phenotypic Modulation of Human Vessels in Organ Culture

OBJECTIVE: We have previously described that changes in the expression of Kv channels associate to phenotypic modulation (PM), so that Kv1.3/Kv1.5 ratio is a landmark of vascular smooth muscle cells phenotype. Moreover, we demonstrated that the Kv1.3 functional expression is relevant for PM in several types of vascular lesions. Here, we explore the efficacy of Kv1.3 inhibition for the prevention o

Epigenome-wide association study of incident type 2 diabetes in a British population : EPIC-Norfolk study

Epigenetic changes may contribute substantially to risks of diseases of aging. Previous studies reported seven methylation variable positions (MVPs) robustly associated with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, their causal roles in T2DM are unclear. In an incident T2DM case-cohort study nested within the populationbased European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (E

Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)

These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical aspects of flow cytometry enabling immunologists to avoid the common errors that often undermine immunological data. Notably, there are comprehensive sections of all major immune cell types with helpful Tables detailing phenotypes in mu

The Nordic Paradox and intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) in Sweden: A background overview

The global public health problem of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is typically tied to gender inequality. Contrary to what would be expected, however, a 2012 survey conducted by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) showed lifetime prevalence rates of IPVAW in the Nordic countries which were among the highest of the 28 EU member states, despite these countries be

Residential energy consumption from a time-geographic perspective

Residential energy consumption is a consequence of household members’ activities in their homes. Analysing and understanding energy consumption in households therefore needs to start from household activities and everyday life. From household members’ time diaries, we can analyse and learn about when, where and what energy-related activities occur in the household, involving what household members

High-Dose Chemotherapy Compared With Standard Chemotherapy and Lung Radiation in Ewing Sarcoma With Pulmonary Metastases : Results of the European Ewing Tumour Working Initiative of National Groups, 99 Trial and EWING 2008

PURPOSE: The R2Pulm trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of busulfan-melphalan high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell rescue (BuMel) without whole-lung irradiation (WLI) on event-free survival (main end point) and overall survival, compared with standard chemotherapy with WLI in Ewing sarcoma (ES) presenting with pulmonary and/or pleural metastases. METHODS: From 2000 to 2015, we e