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The Extended Evolutionary Synthesis (EES) is currently emerging as a theoretical alternative to the Modern Synthesis (MS) in which to frame evolutionary observations and interpretations. These alternative frameworks differ fundamentally in their understanding of the relative roles of the genotype, phenotype, development and environment in evolutionary processes and patterns. While the MS represent
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: An increasing number of radiotherapy centres is now aiming for clinical implementation of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), but--in contrast to conventional treatment--no national or international guidelines for commissioning of the treatment planning system (TPS) and acceptance tests of treatment equipment have yet been developed. This paper bundles the experience o
An independent in vivo dose verification procedure for IMRT treatments of head and neck cancers was developed. Results of 177 intracavitary TLD measurements from 10 patients are presented. The study includes data from 10 patients with cancer of the rhinopharynx or the thyroid treated with dynamic IMRT. Dose verification was performed by insertion of a flexible naso-oesophageal tube containing TLD
Willingness-to-pay (WTP) techniques are increasingly being used in the healthcare sector for assessing the value of interventions. The objective of this study was to estimate WTP and its predictors in a randomized controlled trial of a lifestyle intervention exclusively targeting Middle Eastern immigrants living in Malmö, Sweden, who are at high risk of type 2 diabetes. We used the contingent valu
Alejo Carpentier (1904-1980) is one of the most distinguished writers in Latin American literature and numerous studies have delved into his literary works. However, very little is known about his private life and family background apart from the facts that he chose to reveal about himself. Indeed, several of these “facts” have turned out to be false. This thesis sets out to examine whether a hidd
Bergh considers the relationship between migration and interpersonal trust in the European Union. Interpersonal trust, Bergh avers, is an important foundation for a well-functioning society. The question is how interpersonal trust is affected by increased migration in countries with differing levels of trust. Bergh shows that migrants from low-trust countries who move to high-trust ones show highe
Artistic research is a comparatively new academic field, displaying multiple epistemological and methodological approaches. Through a concrete exemplification, this article studies how knowledge formation and learning may take place in artistic fields by way of intermedially borrowed concepts. The prominent use of the concept of ’musicality’ as a prestige word in the field of spoken theatre is inv
The increase in structural capacity due to muscle contraction in the lower leg was investigated in osteopenic and normal rats. Osteopenia was induced by ovariectomy combined with a low-calcium diet (0.01%). The control rats were sham operated and fed a diet containing 1.1% calcium. After 7 weeks the right lower leg of all animals were fractured in three-point ventral cantilever bending during musc
Large eddy simulations of natural convection along a vertical isothermal surface have been carried out using a parallel CFD code SMAFS (Smoke Movement And Flame Spread) developed by the first author to study the dynamics of the natural convection flow and the associated convective heat transfer, with sub-grid scale turbulence modeled using the Smagorinsky model. In the computation, the filtered go
Animals foraging in heterogeneous environments benefit from information on local resource density because it allows allocation of foraging effort to rich patches. In foraging groups, this information may be obtained by individuals through sampling or by observing the foraging behaviour of group members. We studied the foraging behaviour of goldfish (Carassius auratus) groups feeding in pools on re
BACKGROUND: The planning target volume in radiotherapy treatment planning takes into account both movements of the clinical target volume (CTV) and set-up deviations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of patients who received radiotherapy for lung cancer were studied. In order to measure the CTV movements due to respiration and other internal organ motions, fluoroscopy was performed for 20 patients.
BACKGROUND: Because of the limited supply of donor hearts, prospective recipients continue to die while on the waiting list for heart transplantation. Use of long-term mechanical circulatory support devices as a bridge to transplantation may reduce this mortality. However, with the present state of technology, continued clinical evaluation of the various long-term, mechanical circulatory support d
Both glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its recently discovered congener, neurturin (NTN), have been shown to exert neuroprotective effects on lesioned nigral dopamine (DA) neurons when administered at the level of the substantia nigra. In the present study, we have explored the relative in vivo potency of these two neurotrophic factors using two alternative routes of administr
