Equilibrium sampling through membranes of freely dissolved chlorophenols in water samples with hollow fiber supported liquid membrane
The freely dissolved concentration (C-free) of pollutants is generally believed to be bioavailable and thus responsible for toxic effects. The C-free of organic weak acids and bases consists of a dissociated and a nondissociated fraction. By using chlorophenols as model compounds, a negligible-depletion extraction technique, equilibrium sampling through membranes (ESTM), was developed for the meas