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White dwarfs and Galactic dark matter

We discuss the recent discovery by Oppenheimer et al. of old, cool white dwarf stars, which may be the first direct detection of Galactic halo dark matter. We argue here that the contribution of more mundane white dwarfs of the stellar halo and thick disc would contribute sufficiently to explain the new high velocity white dwarfs without invoking putative white dwarfs of the dark halo. This by no

The influence of the NOD Nss1/Idd5 loci on sialadenitis and gene expression in salivary glands of congenic mice

The nonobese diabetic ( NOD) Nss1 and Idd5 loci have been associated with sialadenitis development in mice. In this study the NOD Nss1 and Idd5 loci were backcrossed onto the healthy control strain B10. Q by using the speed congenic breeding strategy, resulting in three congenic strains: B10. Q. Nss1, B10. Q. Nss1/Idd5 heterozygous and B10. Q. Nss1/Idd5 homozygous. We investigated the effects of t

A contact free measurement method to determine internal stress states in glulam

A method to determine the internal stress state across the grain of glued laminated wood (glulam), as well as the experimental equipment for measuring released deformation are described in this paper. The internal stress state is calculated from measured released deformations, which are measured by a contact free method based on a digital camera technique. Nondestructive measurement of the modulus

Yeast ribosomal P0 protein has two separate binding sites for P1/P2 proteins

The ribosome has a distinct lateral protuberance called the stalk; in eukaryotes it is formed by the acidic ribosomal P-proteins which are organized as a pentameric entity described as P0-(P1-P2)(2). Bilateral interactions between P0 and P1/P2 proteins have been studied extensively, however, the region on P0 responsible for the binding of P1/P2 proteins has not been precisely defined. Here we repo

Normal sensitivity to excitotoxicity in a transgenic Huntington's disease rat

Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the HD gene. Excitotoxic cell damage by excessive stimulation of glutamate receptors has been hypothesized to contribute to the pathogenesis of HD. Transgenic mouse models of HD have shown variable sensitivity to excitotoxicity. The models differ in the genetic background, the type and length o

Event-related potentials and the recollection of associative information

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 13 scalp sites during the performance of an associative recall task. At study, subjects were presented with a series of word pairs and were required to incorporate the two members of each pair into a sentence. At test, the first members of each pair were presented intermixed with an equal number of unstudied items. Subjects were required to discri

The regulator PerR is involved in oxidative stress response and iron homeostasis and is necessary for full virulence of Streptococcus pyogenes.

Ferric uptake regulator (Fur) and Fur-like proteins form an important family of transcriptional regulators in many bacterial species. In this work we have characterized a Fur-like protein, the peroxide regulator PerR, in an M1 serotype of Streptococcus pyogenes. To determine the role of PerR in S. pyogenes, we inactivated the gene by allelic replacement. PerR-deficient bacteria showed 48% reductio

VEGF, VEGFR-1, and CTGF cell densities in tendon are increased-with cyclical loading: An in vivo tendinopathy model

Tendon injuries can occur in athletes and workers whose tasks involve repetitive, high-force hand activities, but the early pathophysiologic processes of tendinopathy are not well known. The purpose of this animal study was to evaluate the effects of cyclical tendon loading on the densities of cells producing growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its receptor, vascular

Two genome-wide linkage disequilibrium screens in Scandinavian multiple sclerosis patients

We report the first two genome-wide screens for linkage disequilibrium between putative multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility genes and genetic markers performed in the genetically homogenous Scandinavian population, using 6000 microsatellite markers and DNA pools of approximately 200 MS cases and 200 controls in each screen. Usable data were achieved from the same 3331 markers in both screens. N

Why do inhibitors develop? Principles of and factors influencing the risk for inhibitor development in haemophilia.

The formation of inhibitory alloantibodies is, in the postinfectious era, the most severe and costly complication of replacement therapy in patients with haemophilia. The complexity of the immune response to the infused factor becomes more and more obvious as knowledge in the area increases. Antibodies develop as a result of a complex multi-factorial interaction between antigen-presenting cells, T

Appearance of coherent artifact signals in femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy in dependence on detector design

The appearance of coherent artifact signals in transient absorption spectroscopy employing a spectrally integrated detection system is studied. The influence of the detection design on the shape of the observed signal is detailed and the experimentally very important case, in which the shape of the coherent artifact is strongly influenced by the presence of the sample itself, is considered - leadi

Comparison of the fermentability of enzymatic hydrolyzates of sugarcane bagasse pretreated by steam explosion using different impregnating agents

Sugarcane bagasse is a potential lignocellulosic feedstock for ethanol production, since it is cheap, readily available, and has a high carbohydrate content. In this work, bagasse was subjected to steam explosion pretreatment with different impregnation conditions. Three parallel pretreatments were carried out, one without any impregnation, a second with sulfur dioxide, and a third with sulfuric a

Attenuation correction in quantitative SPECT of cerebral blood flow: a Monte Carlo study

Monte Carlo simulation has been used to produce projections from a voxel-based brain phantom, simulating a 99mTc-HMPAO single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) brain investigation. For comparison, projections free from the effects of attenuation and scattering were also simulated, giving ideal transaxial images after reconstruction. Three methods of attenuation correction were studied: (

Improved iron bioavailability in an oat-based beverage: the combined effect of citric acid addition, dephytinization and iron supplementation

Background Iron deficiency in children is a major worldwide nutritional problem. An oat beverage was developed for 1- to 3-year-old children and different treatments were used to improve the iron bioavailability. Aim of the study To investigate the effects of citric acid addition, phytase treatment and supplementation with different iron compounds on non-heme iron absorption in human from a minera