In order to produce drinking water of high quality, surface water works apply extensive treatment processes. In this study, flow cytometry and heterotrophic plate counting was utilized to study water quality before, during and after treatment in Görvälnverket in Stockholm, Sweden. Samples were collected and analysed throughout the treatment process, mapping the reduction of total and intact cell c

Despite available vaccines, rotavirus (RV) gastroenteritis remains to be an alarming cause of under-five mortality, especially in developing countries. Research on RV has been limited by the lack of faithful in vitro models that mimic virus-host interaction and RV pathogenesis in the intestine. Most recently, adult stem cell-derived organoids have advanced the understanding of the cellular mechani

This essay explores the employment of Grice’s maxims and conversational implicature in commercial advertising. Advertisers tend to flout Grice’s maxims to make a greater impact on customers. The interesting thing is that, as my analysis has shown, certain flouted maxims tend to co-occur. Moreover, flouting of the conversational maxims does not necessarily augment the impact. In fact, undue floutin

A novel promising Mycobacterium Species Bio-based platform chemicals and polymers have drawn great attention nowadays because of their environmental and economic impacts, compared to those obtained from the fossil. These can be produced from renewable resources, and further transformed to value-added products by enzymes and microorganisms. For example, Mycobacterium sp. MS1601 has the capability

Preventing Cancer Cells from Proliferating On average an adult body consists of 37,2 trillion cells and if we were to thread them into a string, we could wrap it around earth almost 19 times! Each of our cells are programmed to fulfil a certain characteristic function at the correct location and at the correct time. This is all possible to the extremely controlled communication we have between ce

​The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how six cosmetic companies, in the forefront when it comes to CSR initiatives and communication, communicate their CSR work externally. The aim is to find current best practices as well as next practices. By researching the field of CSR communication as well as the external CSR communication performed by the chosen companies, a Best Practice Criteria w

Production of Red Blood Cells from Skin Cells Red Blood Cells (RBCs) are most important when it comes to delivering oxygen to different tissues and organs. This is why their production has to be continuously maintained. It is estimated that in humans over two million RBCs are produced every second to replenish the pool. On average their life span is around 120 days before they die and get replace

Galektiner är en proteinfamilj som har visats vara aktiv i cancerceller. Proteinet har bland annat funktioner så som utveckling och spridning av cancerceller. För att förhindra proteinets inblandning i cancercellen kan man introducera en inhibitor, som hindrar aktiviteten hos proteinet. Genom att inhibitorn placerar sig i den position där substratet naturligt skulle binda. Inhibitorn tävlar med deGalectins are a family of carbohydrate recognition proteins involved in modulation of cell signaling and cell adhesion. galectin-9 especially is involved in regulation of the immune response. In this work, galectin-9N inhibitors have been designed, synthesized and evaluated. The aim was to synthesize compounds with higher affinity than currently known compounds. Three compounds were synthesized wi

Previous studies are divided in the question if there exist an intergen- erational transmission of homophobia, whereas some have found a weak or no relationship, while others found a positive relationship. This paper uses the epidemiological approach by Fernandez (2010). The method regress sec- ond generation immigrant on ancestral country values. The main idea of the method is to identify the eff

This thesis analyses if macroeconomic policy has asymmetric effects on output and unemployment, comparing the effectiveness of monetary policy when the output gap is positive to when it is negative. Asymmetric effects may be present due to uncertainty and loss aversion, the downward-stickiness of prices, or financial market imperfections. The empirical analysis is conducted through a panel data re

In the context of growing population and increasing greenhouse gas emissions, urban energy planning is becoming a topic of high concern. With the rapid pace of urban construction, it is claimed that 40% of America’s total energy consumption is accounted by the building sector. Energy modelling and simulation are believed to be effective in supporting urban energy planning. Today, the growing avail

När jord avlastas kan denna svälla, något som kan ge tryck och således skador på konstruktionsdelar som har kontakt med den svällande jorden. Det är därför av stor vikt att ha kunskap om hur jorden beter sig vid avlastning och detta undersöks vanligtvis i geotekniska laboratorier. I detta examensarbete studerades svällningen av lera, erhållen från Göteborgområdet, som avlastas med hjälp av en modiThe unloading modulus, together with the permeability, are responsible for the swelling process of a soil that is subjected to unloading. Studies to examine the unloading modulus of clay has previously been performed and several relationships describing this parameter has hence been developed. The methods to study the unloading modulus has previously been both laboratory studies and field measurem

Compensation for sickness absence reached a peak in Sweden by the late 1980s. A generous sickness benefit system was met by high levels of absence. By the early 1990s, the Swedish economy was in deep crisis. In response, the Swedish government restricted sickness benefits and privatized short-term sick leave payouts. This thesis asks whether sick leave reforms reduced Swedish sickness absence and

This essay will explore the socialization process of students to a working profession. We have discovered a gap in previous studies when it comes to the effect of gender and class of the process of socialization and the creation of the students working identities. The study if carried out by interviewing students that have completed at least half of their bachelor’s degree in engineering, with the

The vast majority of contemporary literature and research disregards the impact of entrepreneurship within a tourist destination for overcoming seasonality. Therefore, our research focuses on, “exploring the contextual conditions for entrepreneurship in overcoming seasonality within travel destinations.” We have used a comparative research design, which we have applied to our two selected cases, I

Within the globalization of the food industry lies gaps, disconnecting the consumer from the foods origins, increasing the ignorance about agriculture and where the food on the table comes from, and how it is produced. This thesis is focusing on the area of the dairy production industry, and how monopoly creates diversity between the small local farmer and the dairy giants, forcing small farms to

I verksamheten för diagnostisk medicin är de bildgivande systemens funktion ett ständigt område för förbättring. En metod för utveckling och förbättring av systemen är genom simuleringar. I detta arbete har programmet GATE använts för att modellera och simulera ett PET-system. Simuleringarna har sedan gjorts om till bilder med programmet CASToR för att jämföra resultaten med verkliga undersökningaIntroduction: The increased importance of PET imaging in the health care system has lead to a constant need for improvement and optimisation of scanner systems and their protocols. By utilising the features of the GATE Monte Carlo program one can gain a better understanding of the limitations and possibilities of the system. GATE together with the reconstruction software CASToR provides a link fro

Antalet cancerpatienter i Sverige ökar. Varje år diagnostiseras över 60 000 fall. Den vanligaste formen av cancer i hjärnan är hjärnmetastaser som uppstår då cancerceller sprider sig från den primära tumören till hjärnan. Patienter med hjärnmetastaser har en övergripande dålig prognos och bidrar signifikant till antalet cancerdödsfall. Patienterna behandlas oftast med kirurgi, strålbehandling ellePurpose/Background High accuracy treatment techniques such as stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) requires precise patient positioning prior to and during treatment. The Catalyst™ is an optical surface scanning (OSS) system that has been utilized for patient positioning and real time monitoring during radiotherapy. The company behind the system recently released a novel algorithm for calculating the i

The connection of devices to the internet is referred to as Internet of Things (IoT). By using IoT distributed network of devices will be able to communicate with each other. The management and forming of distributed applications is, however, very complex since IoT uses devices that have different capabilities and that do not have the same communication protocols. Calvin is an open source applicat

As infrastructural systems become ever more complex and interconnected, they may also become ever more vulnerable to system-wide faults due to local disturbances. As such it is of great importance to design these system to be resilient, i.e. to be able to withstand and recover from disturbances or new conditions. In the case of traffic networks, while much work has been done to analyze the stabili