Context: Breathlessness is a cardinal symptom in cardiorespiratory disease and consists of multiple dimensions that can be measured using the instruments Dyspnea-12 (D12) and the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP). Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the minimal clinically important differences (MCIDs) of all D12 and MDP summary and subdomain scores as well as the instrument

Introduction: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a progressive and potentially life-threatening disease characterized by complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy. Patients with aHUS may experience fatigue, which can negatively impact their lives, but there is a knowledge gap regarding disease burden in these patients. Methods: In this longitudinal study, patients with aHUS from the

The existing information supports the use of this material as described in this safety assessment. 2-Acetylthiazole was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data show that 2-acetylthiazole is not genotoxic. The skin sensitization endpoint was completed u

Background: A previous individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis showed that the Wells rule and D-dimer testing cannot exclude suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in cancer patients. Objectives: To explore reasons for this reduced diagnostic accuracy and to optimize the diagnostic pathway for cancer patients suspected of DVT. Patients and Methods: Using IPD from 13 studies in patients with

There is no alternative! Margaret Thatcher once proclaimed in order to defend neoliberalist reforms and – implicitly – the capitalist regime. But if one doesn’t agree with Thatcher’s definition of the situation and her (and her many followers’) subsequent analysis, what viable options does one really have? Is it possible to come up with an empirically grounded alternative to the dominant modes of

Using a mixed input–output model, this study examines potential changes in sector output and water requirements in Macedonia arising from climate change. By defining three climate change scenarios and exogenously specifying the warming shocks for five key agricultural sub-sectors, the effects on the economy were quantified. The results indicated that except for cereals and grapes, agricultural pro

Compact city planning and development has, over the last 30 years or so, been the hegemonic response to the challenges of sustainable development. Global and local policies promote the compact city model due to the positive outcomes of its design principles and strategics as to achieving sustainable cities in terms of their environmental, economic, and social goals. The aim of this paper is to exa

The number of evacuees worldwide during wildfire keep rising, year after year. Fire evacuations at the wildland-urban interfaces (WUI) pose a serious challenge to fire and emergency services and are a global issue affecting thousands of communities around the world. But to date, there is a lack of comprehensive tools able to inform, train or aid the evacuation response and the decision making in c

There is limited information about the behavior and movement of people in case of fireevacuation in smoke-filled environments, and there is limited guidance on how peoples’walking speed in smoke can and should be represented in the fire safety design process.In this report, a literature review within this area, and a subsequent recommendation onhow to represent walking speed in both smoke-free andThere is limited information about the behavior and movement of people in case of fire evacuation in smoke-filled environments, and there is limited guidance on how peoples’ walking speed in smoke can and should be represented in the fire safety design process. In this report, a literature review within this area, and a subsequent recommendation on how to represent walking speed in both smoke-free

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a well-described acute phase protein induced during the acute phase response (APR) to infection. Four isoform specific genes are found in most mammals. Depending on species, SAA3 and SAA4 are ge0nerally preferentially expressed extrahepatically whereas SAA1 and SAA2 are hepatic isoforms dominating the SAA serum pool. Little is known about how specific infections affect the

It has been argued that much of contemporary epistemology can be unified under Carnap’s methodology of explication, which originated in the neighboring field of philosophy of science. However, it is unclear to what extent epistemological theories that emphasize the explanatory role of knowledge fit into this picture, Kornblith’s natural kind epistemology and Williamson’s knowledge first approach b

Imprinted genes, giving rise to parent-of-origin effects (POEs), have been hypothesised to affect type 1 diabetes (T1D) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, maternal effects may also play a role. By using a mixed model that is able to simultaneously consider all kinds of POEs, the importance of POEs for the development of T1D and RA was investigated in a variance components analysis. The analys