Unsaturated solute transport is highly variable and therefore difficult to predict. In semi-arid areas, where water resources are limited, the presence of macropores is of great importance for crop production. The bromide ion (Br-) and dye tracers are useful for studies of water movement. One approach to describe the heterogeneous solute transport is to apply the concept of fractals to a dataset.

The CP conserving amplitudes for the decays K --> 3pi are calculated in chiral perturbation theory at the next-to-leading order. We present the expressions in a compact form with single parameter functions only. These expressions are then fitted to all available K --> 2pi and K --> 3pi data to obtain a fit of the parameters that occur. We compare with the work of Kambor, Missimer and Wyler. (C) 20

The aqueous phase behavior of a series of complex salts, containing cationic surfactants with polymeric counterions, has been investigated by visual inspection and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The salts were alkyltrimethylammonium polyacrylates, C(x)TAPA(y), based on all combinations of five surfactant chain lengths (C-6, C-8, C-10, C-12, and C-16) and two lengths of the polyacrylate chain

Aims To investigate the role of guidelines in structuring the clinical care for adult patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), and to assess adherence to the guidelines in Europe. Methods and results A selected number of current guidelines were chosen pertaining to operative procedures, investigations, and the use of medication ('interventions'). The source for this analysis was the database

The author studied how effective material parameters call be defined for Maxwell's equations when taking dispersion into account. The reasoning is based oil the concept of dispersion relations, and is consequently primarily concerned with lossless media. The author essentially required that the effective material parameters should produce the same dispersion relations as the heterogeneous problem,

In this paper, a novel peak-to-average power reduction approach for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been addressed. Two-dimensional pilot-symbol assisted modulation (2D-PSAM) is employed in coherent OFDM for channel estimation, and it is based on inserting known symbols spread throughout the 2D time-frequency grid. These pilot symbols are employed to simultaneously perform di

Background: Different routes of administration of CCK-33 and blockage of CCK-A and muscarinic (m(3)) receptors are used in this study to evaluate the mechanisms by which cholecystokinin can stimulate the exocrine pancreas. Methods: The experiment was performed on eight anaesthetized pigs during control conditions and after administration of the CCK-A and m(3) receptor antagonists, Tarazepide and 4

Several previous studies have demonstrated that severe hypoglycemia is accompanied by consumption of endogenous brain substrates (glycolytic and citric acid cycle metabolites and free amino acids) and some have shown a loss of structural components as well, notably phospholipids. In the present study, on paralysed and artificially ventilated rats, we measured cerebral oxygen and glucose consumptio

For ultra-wideband (UWB) communication, Rake receivers using matched filter detection show the best performance but they are complex to realize due to the inherent channel estimation problem and combining problem. Transmitted reference schemes, on the other hand, allow for a less complex receiver structure that is able to combine the energy from different multipath components without channel estim

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of cutaneous field stimulation of C fibers for the treatment of itchy skin and its effect on peripheral nerve fibers as shown in skin biopsy specimens. DESIGN: We conducted an open-label uncontrolled study of 19 patients with itching. Each patient applied a flexible plate containing electrodes to the itchy area for 20 minutes at a time once daily for 5 weeks to

To contribute to the body of empirical research on fault distributions during development of complex software systems, a replication of a study of Fenton and Ohlsson is conducted. The hypotheses from the original study are investigated using data taken from an environment that differs in terms of system size, project duration, and programming language. We have investigated four sets of hypotheses

A collection of Cladosporium has been recovered from common reed growing at Lake Constance (Germany). High-resolution cryo-scanning electron microscopy revealed that Cladosporium isolates from reed are diverse. Morphologically, we distinguished three species, viz. C. herbarum, C. oxysporum, and Cladosporium sp. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis supported these results and, moreov

Up to date SNOM tips have. been prepared from SiO2 based materials using etching or locally melt fibre's stretching for tip sharpening [1,2] Usage of other metal oxides has been restricted because of the lack Of methods for obtaining the tips with suitable geometrical configuration. In our previous work we have proposed the technique for preparing transparent and electroconductive SnO2 fibres and