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The extent to which low-frequency (minor allele frequency (MAF) between 1-5%) and rare (MAF ≤ 1%) variants contribute to complex traits and disease in the general population is mainly unknown. Bone mineral density (BMD) is highly heritable, a major predictor of osteoporotic fractures, and has been previously associated with common genetic variants, as well as rare, population-specific, coding vari
Current proteomic technologies can effectively be used to study the proteins of the vitreous body and retina in health and disease. The use of appropriate samples, analytical platform and bioinformatic method are essential factors to consider when undertaking such studies. Certain proteins may hinder the detection and evaluation of more relevant proteins associated with pathological processes if n
Ferrochelatase catalyzes the insertion of Fe(2+) into protoporphyrin IX. The enzymatic product heme (protoheme IX) is a well-known cofactor in a wide range of proteins. The insertion of metal ions other than Fe(2+) occurs rarely in vivo, but all ferrochelatases that have been studied can insert Zn(2+) at a good rate in vitro. Co(2+), but not Cu(2+), is known to be a good substrate of the mammalian
The notion of spirit loss is widespread throughout the Bolivian Andes. Because of fright, a person loses her spirit whereupon another "strange" spirit may take its place and cause illness. In one and the same ailment, then, we find notions of "loss" and "imposition." In the context of "emergent indigeneities," colonialism too is frequently visualized and expressed in terms of both loss and imposit
The one-dimensional character of sooting premixed porous-plug (McKenna) burner flames has been examined, motivated by recent investigations where the one-dimensionality has been questioned. The examination employs laser diagnostic techniques to measure different characteristics: temperature using rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) and soot properties using laser-induced inca
We conduct a series of comparisons between spectroscopic and photometric observations of globular clusters and stellar models to examine their predictive power. Data from medium-to-high resolution spectroscopic surveys of lithium allow us to investigate first dredge-up and extra mixing in two clusters well separated in metallicity. Abundances at first dredge-up are satisfactorily reproduced but th
Organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells offer a viable source of solar energy. Structural organization is crucial in BHJ cells but hard to achieve and assess due to limitations in experimental methodology. Quantum chemical methods have here been used to gain further insight into the geometric and optical properties of a promising light-harvesting polymer, poly[2,3-bis(3-octyloxyphenyl)quinox
We study bankruptcy problems where the estate and the claims have stochastic values and we allow these values to be correlated. We associate a transferable utility game with uncertainty to a stochastic bankruptcy problem and use the Weak Sequential Core as a solution concept for such games. We test the stability of a number of well known division rules in this stochastic setting and find that all
The equations of motion for a beam are derived from the three-dimensional continuum mechanical point of view. The kinematics involve bending, torsion and shearing as well as cross-sectional displacements. The transplacement of the beam from an arbitrary curved reference placement is considered. For slender beams so called tubular coordinates may be used as global coordinates in the reference place
A multi-scale hydroclimatic study of runoff generation in the Athabasca River watershed located in western Canada is presented. Mann-Kendall trend detection tests performed on hydrometric data for the lower Athabasca River (LAR) revealed predominantly significant (p<0.05) declines in annual and open-water season median/mean runoff indices over 1958-2009, with the ice-influenced season experiencing
Oligomers of the amyloid-beta peptide (A beta) are thought to be the most toxic form of A beta and are linked to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we used a flow cytometric approach for the detection and assessment of oligomers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from AD patients and other neurological disorders. 30 CSF samples from patients suffering from AD (n=14), non-demented control
Unlike Knut Wicksell, Eli Heckscher did not believe the time had arrived for “managed money” to replace the gold standard after World War I. The war had shown that only a gold standard could bind the central bank to a time-consistent policy with reasonable price stability. Heckscher likened the problem of reinstating the gold standard to “Belling the cat” in Aesop’s fable. When the international g
We have investigated the temperature induced micelle-to-vesicle transition in a binary non-ionic surfactant/water system, for which the spontaneous curvature decreases with increasing temperature. Temperature jumps with variable rate were performed in a microwave oven, from a micellar phase at 5 ◦C to a lamellar phase region at 35 ◦C, passing a liquid-liquid two phase region where dilute and conce
The CADF test of Pesaran (A Simple Panel Unit Root Test in Presence of Cross-Section Dependence, Journal of Applied Econometrics 22, 265–312, 2007) are among the most popular univariate tests for cross-section correlated panels around. Yet, the existing asymptotic analysis of this test statistic is limited to a model in which the errors are assumed to follow a simple AR(1) structure with homogenou
A search for the b (b) over bar decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson is performed with the ATLAS experiment using the full dataset recorded at the LHC in Run 1. The integrated luminosities used are 4.7 and 20.3 fb(-1) from pp collisions at root s = 7 and 8 TeV, respectively. The processes considered are associated (WIZ)H production, where W -> e nu/mu nu, Z -> ee/mu mu, and Z -> nu nu. The obse
Introduction. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies specific for bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI-ANCA) are frequent in CF patients and mainly develop in response to infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is not known to what extent BPI-ANCA correlates to prognosis. Objectives. To evaluate the prognostic value of IgA-BPI-ANCA, measured at the beginning of the study, for transp
In the framework of the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock method, we investigate the transition properties of four excited states in the 2p(5)3s configuration of neutral neon. The electron correlation effects are taken into account systematically by using the active space approach. The effect of higher-order correlation on fine structures is shown. We also study the influence of the Breit inte
pH, salinity and nutrient conditions are major determinants of microbial biomass, activity and community composition; all being hypothesized to favour bacterial over fungal activity. Soils from Pravaranagar (India), having high nutrient content and high pH (pH(w) 7.4-8.8), with sometimes increased salinity, were thus expected to have high bacterial/fungal ratios. Twelve soils were characterized fo
